Afsluitdijk with the Wadden Sea (part of the North Sea) on the left and the IJsselmeer on the right in the Netherlands. Which should it be called, dam or dyke? Afsluitdijk in red. This is namely "close-off dyke or dam," damming off the Zuiderzee, a salt water inlet of the North Sea, and turning it into the fresh water lake of the IJsselmeer. The dam serves as a sea barrier to protect the inland against flooding. The Roman dam at Cornalvo in Spain has been in use for almost two millennia.
The Afsluitdijk (... English: "Enclosure Dam") is a major dam and causeway in the Netherlands. [18]
The Afsluitdijk is a fundamental part of the larger Zuiderzee Works, damming off the Zuiderzee, a salt water inlet of the North Sea, and turning it into the fresh water lake of the IJsselmeer. The dam serves as a sea barrier to protect the inland against flooding.
The Dutch word 'dijk' (dike) is actually a division between land and water. The name Afsluitdijk would be correct if the entire IJsselmeer had been drained. However, due to the change of plans it was left flooded so the Afsluitdijk is a barrier between two bodies of waters. In Dutch that is a 'dam'. This structure could more properly be called 'Afsluitdam'.
말과의 포유류. 말과 비슷한데 몸은 작고 앞머리의 긴 털이 없으며 귀가 길다. 털빛은 대부분 누런 갈색ㆍ잿빛 황색ㆍ잿빛 흑색이며, 어깨ㆍ다리에 짙은 줄무늬가 있고 허리뼈가 다섯 개이다. 병에 대한 저항력이 강하여 부리기에 적당하다. 아프리카의 야생종을 가축화한 것으로 전 세계에 분포한다.
Victor H. Mair proposes a Proto-Indo-European etymology for de.
Te was pronounced approximately dugh during the early Chou period (about 1100 to 600 B.C.). The meanings it conveys in texts from that era are "character," "[good or bad] intentions," "quality," "disposition," "personality," "personhood," "personal strength," and "worth." There is a very close correlation between these meanings and words deriving from Proto-Indo-European dugh (to be fit, of use, proper; acceptable; achieve). And there is a whole series of words derived from the related Teutonic verbal root dugan. There are Old High German tugan, Middle High German tugen, and modern German taugen, all of which mean "to be good, fit, of use." There is another cognate group of words relating to modern English "doughty" (meaning worthy, valiant, stouthearted) that also contribute to our understanding of te. They are Middle English douhti, dohti, of dühti ("valiant"). (1990:134)
In modern Dutch, the noun "de" can be translated as "deugd"; the verb "deugen" means 'to have virtue'.
이십사절기의 하나. 대설(大雪)과 소한(小寒) 사이에 들며 태양이 동지점을 통과하는 때인 12월 22일이나 23일경이다. 북반구에서는 일 년 중 낮이 가장 짧고 밤이 가장 길다. 동지에는 음기가 극성한 가운데 양기가 새로 생겨나는 때이므로 일 년의 시작으로 간주한다. 이날 각 가정에서는 팥죽을 쑤어 먹으며 관상감에서는 달력을 만들어 벼슬아치들에게 나누어 주었다고 한다. ≒아세1(亞歲)ㆍ이신4(履新)ㆍ이신지경ㆍ이장11(履長)ㆍ이장지경.
Schematic cross-section of Offa's Dyke, showing the design intended to protect Mercia against attacks/raids from Powys. The deep ditch makes the high dyke. Korean 굳 (gud, "ditch") is the anagram as well as antonym of 둑 (dug, "dyke").
The readers do miss the story of such a thrilling success he made by controlling the huge body of water that he may well be called the father of flood control, or 한물(hanmur, "flood") + 아비(abi, "father") in Korean wordplay.
↑ This definition, including "둘러막기" (enclosing) to stick to "boundary wall," is overdone a little, however prototypical it may be. Such is also the case with 벽 (beog, "wall" cf. Danish væg, Norwegianvegg). Otherwise, Korean 담 (dam, "wall") is more comparable with Dutch and English dam, etc.
↑ From Latin dolium "large earthenware vessel." According to John Pairman Brown, a Punic commercial loanword, comparing Hebrew דֳּלִי (dŏlī) which already appears in Isaiah 40:15[2] and is from Proto-Semitic, also Arabic دَلْو (dalw, “bucket”) etc.
"In pre-Christian times, the term designated the two-month midwinter season (December and January). After Christianization, it became a narrower reference to the twelve days of Christmas."
Etymology
from Old English ġeōl, ġeōla ("Christmastide, midwinter")
Comments
Yule in itself is simply "midwinter," or more simply "winter," or more precisely, "the two-month midwinter season (December and January)" as noted above. Etymology reads Proto-Germanic meaning "festivity, celebration," and PIE "joke, play," while OE ġeōl, equivalent to Korean 겨울 (gyeoul, "winter"), may well compare with Italian gelo ("intense cold, frost"), Latin gelo ("I freeze, cause to congeal"), even English cold, etc.
↑ One theory about the etymology of 바둑 (badug) is that it was known as 바독 (badog), a diminutive of 바닥 (badag, "base"), hence the go board. Another is that either 바둑 or 바독 or the dialect 바돌 (badol) means 바둑돌 (badug-dol, "go stone"), which fits the opening phrase well.
A levee (/ˈlɛvi/), dike, dyke, embankment, floodbank or stopbank is an elongated naturally occurring ridge or artificially constructed fill or wall that regulates water levels.
↑A thinly-topped or obtusely-topping heap or hill, say, dune. It may further compare with English down, town, dun, etc., and with the other Germanic relatives.
↑A thickly-topped or acutely-topping heap or hill, say, dyke. It may further compare with English tight, thigh, dough, etc., and with their Dutch and German (or Yiddish) counterparts.
↑"Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds"
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Afsluitdijk with the Wadden Sea (a part of the North Sea) on the left and the IJsselmeer on the right in the Netherlands
