Korean/Words/Sandbox

Story

As a language isolate or island, Korean is quite a mystery. Its homeland is suggested to be somewhere in Manchuria. Nevertheless, it is hardly related to Manchurian and Mongolian, not to mention Chinese, but rather likely to Icelandic, the fittest of Old Norse, across all Eurasia and history!

Say 말, to begin with. Though commonly romanized as mal, its vowel sounds either long as [ma:l] or short as [mal], as per IPA. The former means "language," while the latter "horse" above many other things. As such, the one may well compare with Old Norse mál ("language"), while the other with Old Norse marr ("horse"). And, Swedish Malmö and Korean 말뫼 (馬山, malmoe) may commonly mean "big mound" at last, when their first syllables mean "big" owing to the horse.

The sun (日) and the moon (月) are the most vital to us of all heavenly bodies. Before history, their moves gave way to the solar and lunar calendars, respectively. In orient, meanwhile, both are regarded as the symbols of yin-yang (陰陽, 阴阳), say, the ultimate makeup of the universe.

While the week begins with the sun and the moon, say, Sunday and Monday, we will do with Tuesday, literally, ‘Tiu's day.’ Tiu or Tiw, aka, Tyr in Norse mythology, was the ancient Germanic god of war, identified with Latin Mars, whence French mardi for Tuesday, for example.

Let it begin with English thing and its kindred, together with Chinese 廳 (ting) and 鼎 (ding) likely joined.

• 
  鼎 (ding): tripod cauldron marking "throne, monarchy"
• 
  Bronze inscription of 鼎 (ding)

Tuesday

Not enough is to know that Tuesday is next to the sun's and moon's days. It literally means Tiu's day. What is Tiu at all?

Tiu or Tiw is the ancient Germanic god of war. He is identified with Tyr of Norse mythology. Romans regarded him as "Mars of Thing."

Not enough again is to know that Tuesday is followed by Odin's and Thor's and Frigg's days, named after such famous gods.

Among all these ancient Germanic gods, Tiu is alone a histoprical rather than mythological figure, specially in the East rather than West Eurasia.

Various Eastern peoples are proud of Tiu as their ancestor. So are some Koreans. And even Chinese nowadays, perhaps politically motivated.

• Mars
• marshal

Translations

• "안 본 용은 그려도 본 뱀은 못 그린다." 눈앞에 있는 사실을 실제 그대로 파악하기는 어려움을 비유적으로 이르는 말. [1]

  "You draw an unseen dragon (wyrm) but a seen snake (wurm)." This is to show how hard it is to know the reality in itself.

horse bee

English *horsebee, German *Pferdebiene

Language	Script	Romanized
Korean	말벌	mal-beol
Chinese	馬蜂	mǎ-fēng
Mongolian	морин зөгий	morin zögij
Turkish	eşek arısı	eşek arısı
Armenian	ձիաբոռ	ji-a-boṙ
Hungarian	lódarázs	ló-darázs
Yiddish	פֿערדבין	ferd-bin
Manx	shellancabbyl	shellan cabbyl

https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/말벌

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_hornet

Language	Native call	Romanized
Korean	말벌	mal-beol
Chinese	馬蜂	mǎ-fēng
Mongolian	морин зөгий	morin zögij
Turkish	eşek arısı	eşek arısı
Armenian	ձիաբոռ	ji-a-boṙ
Hungarian	lódarázs	ló-darázs
Yiddish	פֿערדבין	ferd-bin
Manx	shellancabbyl	shellan cabbyl

Yule

Comparatives

Old English	geol, geola	geolu	gold
English	Yule	yellow	gold
Dutch	Joelfeest	geel	goud
German	Julfest	gelb	Gold
Icelandic	gulur	gull	jól
Norwegian	gul	gull	jul
Swedish	gul	guld	jul
Extra	joulu	melyn	gul golli

halo

Extract from wikt: halo #Translations

Basque: halo Catalan: halo Czech: halo Danish: halo Dutch: halo Estonian: halo Finnish: halo French: halo German: Halo Greek: άλως (álos) Hungarian: haló Latvian: halo Lithuanian: halas Norwegian: halo Persian: هاله‎ (hâle) Polish: halo Portuguese: halo Romanian: halo Russian: гало́ (galó) Roman: halo Spanish: halo Swedish: halo Turkish: hale

These are hardly of natural language.

귀고리

햇귀, literally "sun's ears," simply "rising sun's rays"

The Rising Sun Flag of Japan

A fresco depicting an elegantly dressed woman with hoop earrings from Akrotiri, Thera (Cyclades) Greece, c. 1650-1625 BCE.

earring	sun's earring
Extracts from «교학고어사전» but for the asterisked (assumed) *귀골 (gwigol) 귀엣골 (gwiesgol) 귀여골 (gwiyeogol) 귀여ㅅ골 (gwiyeo's gol) 귀역고리 (gwiyeoggori) 귀역골 (gwiyeoggol) 귀엳골 (gwiyeodgol) 귀엸골회 (gwiyeolsgolhoe) 귀엿골 (gwiyeosgol) 귀엿골회 (gwiyeogolhoe) 귀엿골휘 (gwiyeogolhwi) 귀예골 (gwiyegol) 귀예ㅅ골 (gwiye's gol) 귀옛골 (gwiyesgol) 귀옛골회 (gwiyesgolhoe)	Extracts from «교학고어사전» but for the asterisked (assumed) *희골 (hvigol) *희여골 (hviyeogol) 희귀엿골 (hvigwiyeosgol) 희ㅅ귀엣골 (hvi's gwiesgol) Synonyms: 희무리 (hvimuri) 희ㅅ모로 (hvi's moro) 흿모로 (hvismoro) *흿물 (hvismul) See also: 흿귀 (hvisgwi) 흿발 (hvisbal) 흿바회 (hvisbahoe)
귀고리(gwigori) or *귀골 (gwigol)	햇무리(haesmuri) or 햇물(haesmul)

See also

• '귀고리'의 어원, 홍윤표(연세대학교), 새국어소식, 통권 제90호 (2006.01.)

눈

RR: nun

눈目

RR: nun IPA: [nun]

1. eye

눈芽

RR: nun IPA: [nun]

1. bud

め #Japanese

(me)

1. eye
2. bud

눈雪

RR: nun IPA: [nuːn]

1. snow

Relatives

Bulgarian: сняг (snjag)
Czech: sníh 
Serbo-Croatian: sneg, snijȇg, snig 
Polish: śnieg 
Russian: снег (sneg)

Associatives

• 아늑하다 (anug-hada, "snug")
• Love Story (1970 film)

꿀

Eurasian verbal distribution for "honey"

Adapted from wikt: honey #Translations

Latinic+	Slavonic+	Germanic+	Turkic+
mel #Breton mel #Catalan mel #Galician mel #Latin mel #Portuguese mêl #Welsh méli #Greek mełr #Armenian miel #French miel #Spanish miele #Italian mil #Dalmatian mil #Irish mil #Korean	mat #Cantonese med #Bulgarian med #Czech mȇd #Serbo-Croa. med #Slovene medus #Lithuan. mesi #Estonian méz #Hungarian miód #Polish mjod #Belaruss. mjōd #Evenki mjod #Russian mitsu #Japanese môdhu #Bengali	honey #English Honig #German honing #Dutch honning #Danish honning #Norweg. honung #Swedish hunang #Faroese hunang #Iceland. hunaya #Finnish	bal #Azerbaijani bal #Bashkir bal #Buryat bal #Kalmyk bal #Kazakh bal #Kyrgyz bal #Mongolian bal #Tatar bal #Turkey bal #Turkmen

մեղր #Old Armenian (mełr)

մեղու #Old Armenian (mełu, “bee”)

Brythonic: *mel
Breton: mel
Cornish: mel
Welsh: mêl
Old Irish: mil
Irish: mil
Manx: mill
Scottish Gaelic: mil

착시

The lighter, brighter surroundings, the darker, clearer sight of things there. (사물은 주변이 밝을 수록 더 잘 보인다) #888 #888 &lt font color=#888 &gt #888 #888 &lt font color=#000 &gt The maximal contrast and sight on the righthand side

#888

#888

#888	< font color=#888 >	#888
#888	< font color=#000 >	#888

A bar lies under the gradually brightening one; The left end looks brighter than the right one. We cannot see them absolutely but ecologically. We thus just swing from prejudice to prejudice. Evolution is simply habituation to the habitat. To deny evolution is to deny habituation silly. Such silly is to fall prey say to corona-virus!

marl

Concerning:

not English marl

but Korean 말 (mal, "language")

for Korean orthography in Latin alphabet (KoLa).

Vowels

ㅏ a ㅐ ai ㅑ ya ㅒ yai ㅓ e ㅔ ei ㅕ ye ㅖ yei ㅗ o ㅚ oi ㅘ wa ㅙ wai ㅛ yo ㅛㅣ yoi* ㅜ u ㅟ ui ㅝ we ㅞ wei ㅠ yu ㅠㅣ yui* ㅡ j ㅢ ji ㅣ yi/i -- -- * Not used now.

Note

The Korean and Roman vowels fit perfect.

Comparison

기본 NR RR 확장 NR RR V v v V+I v+i v+? ㅏ a a ㅐ ai ae ㅑ ya ya ㅒ yai yae ㅓ e eo ㅔ ei e ㅕ ye yeo ㅖ yei ye ㅗ o o ㅚ oi oe ㅘ wa wa ㅙ wai wae ㅛ yo yo ㅛㅣ yoi -- ㅜ u u ㅟ ui wi ㅝ we wo ㅞ wei we ㅠ yu yu ㅠㅣ yui -- ㅡ j eu ㅢ ji ui ㅣ yi/i i -- -- -- * NR: New Romanization (proposed) * RR: Revised Romanization (current)

Parsing ambiguity

NR: 아야어여오와요우워유으이 → ayaeyeowayouweyujyi (shorter) a/ya/e/ye/o/wa/yo/u/we/yu/j/yi (successfully parsed) RR: 아야어여오와요우워유으이 → ayaeoyeoowayouwoyueui (longer) a/ya-e/e-o/o/wa/yo/u/wo/yu/e-u/u-i/i (hardly parsed)

English Seoul #Etymology

French Séoul, which is from Korean 서울 (Seoul, literally “capital city”).

Note that English Seoul predates the Revised Romanization of Seoul. Note also that the original French segmentation was Sé-oul (cf. Dutch Seoel, i.e. Se-oel), but was reinterpreted as Seo-ul with Revised Romanization. A direct borrowing from Korean would probably result in "Soul", based on McCune–Reischauer romanization "Sŏul".

• Seoul
• soul

Consonants

ㄱ ㄲ g gx/xg ㄺ ㄳ lg gs ㄴ n ㄵ ㄶ nz nh ㄷ ㄸ d dx/xd ㄹ r/l ㅁ m ㄻ lm ㅂ ㅃ b bx/xb ㄼ ㅄ lb bs ㅅ ㅆ s sx/xs ㄽ ls ㅇ `/ng ㅈ ㅉ z zx/xz ㅊ c ㅋ k ㅌ t ㄾ lt ㅍ p ㄿ lp ㅎ h ㅀ lh

Comparison

• 않다

  NR: anhda

  RR: anta -- same as 안타 (whatever it may mean..)

RR may not aim to mean anything right.

Syllabary

64	65	66	67	68	69	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79	80	81	82	83	84	85	86	87	88	89	90	91
@	Aㄱ	Bㄲ	Cㄴ	Dㄷ	Eㄸ	Fㄹ	Gㅁ	Hㅂ	Iㅃ	Jㅅ	Kㅆ	Lㅇ	Mㅈ	Nㅉ	Oㅊ	Pㅋ	Qㅌ	Rㅍ	Sㅎ	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z	[
`	aㅏ	bㅐ	cㅑ	dㅒ	eㅓ	fㅔ	gㅕ	hㅖ	iㅗ	jㅘ	kㅙ	lㅚ	mㅛ	nㅜ	oㅝ	pㅞ	qㅟ	rㅠ	sㅡ	tㅢ	uㅣ	v	w	x	y	z	{
`	aㄱ	bㄲ	cㄳ	dㄴ	eㄵ	fㄶ	gㄷ	hㄹ	iㄺ	jㄻ	kㄼ	lㄽ	mㄾ	nㄿ	oㅀ	pㅁ	qㅂ	rㅄ	sㅅ	tㅆ	uㅇ	vㅈ	wㅊ	xㅋ	yㅌ	zㅍ	{ㅎ
00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27

References