Motivation and emotion/Lectures/Individual emotions

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Lecture 09: Individual emotions

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This is the ninth lecture for the Motivation and emotion unit of study.

Emotion collage.png

Overview[edit | edit source]

This lecture discusses 20 specific emotions. The emotions are organised into three categories:

  • basic (7)
  • self-conscious (5)
  • cognitively complex (8)

Take-home message:

  • By learning about specific emotions, our emotional repertoire becomes more sophisticated and complex. This makes us more likely to have adaptive emotional responses in different situations.

Emotion categories[edit | edit source]

Emotion Categories.png

Motivations generated by specific emotions[edit | edit source]

  • Emotions are purposeful.
  • Typical motivational urges generated by specific emotions are shown in Table 1.
  • These motivational can also be understood as:
    • "action tendencies" or
    • "functions served through adaptive response".

Table 1

Motivational Urge Generated by Specific Emotions (based on Reeve (2018, p. 340))

Emotion Motivational urge
Fear Flee; protect oneself.
Anger Overcome obstacles; right an illegitimate wrong.
Disgust Reject; get rid of; get away from.
Contempt Maintain dominance and social hierarchy.
Sadness Repair a loss or failure.
Joy Continue goal striving; play; engage in social interaction.
Interest Explore; seek; acquire new information; learn.
Shame Restore the self; protect the self.
Guilt Make amends.
Embarrassment Appease others; communicate blunder was unintended.
Pride (Authentic) Acquire further skill; persist at challenging tasks.
Triumph Display dominance and power over the defeated.
Envy (Benign) Move up; improve one’s position.
Gratitude Act prosocially; grow the relationship.
Disappointment Give up; helplessness
Regret Undo a poor decision or behaviour.
Hope Keep engaged in pursuit of a desired goal.
Schadenfreude Reinforce feelings of superiority.
Empathy Act prosocially; help the other.
Compassion Reduce suffering.

Note. Links go to motivation and emotion book chapters

Readings[edit | edit source]

  1. Chapter 14: Individual emotions (Reeve, 2018)

Slides[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

Lectures
Tutorial

Recording[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

O'Connell, B. H., O'Shea, D., & Gallagher, S. (2017). Feeling thanks and saying thanks: A randomized controlled trial examining if and how socially oriented gratitude journals work. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73(10), 1280–1300. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22469

External links[edit | edit source]

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