# Quantum physics

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Welcome to the Department of Quantum Physics!
• Quantum physics, Wikiversity projects on the interpretation of quantum theories:

Welcome also to the School of Physical Sciences!
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## Bibliography

• [1]Chester, Marvin (1987) Primer of Quantum Mechanics. John Wiley. ISBN 0-486-42878-8
• [2] Griffiths, David J. (2004). Introduction to Quantum Mechanics (2nd ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-111892-7. OCLC 40251748. A standard undergraduate text.
• [3] Richard Feynman, 1985. QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter, w:Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08388-6. Four elementary lectures on w:quantum electrodynamics and w:quantum field theory, yet containing many insights for the expert.
• [4] Dirac, P. A. M. (1930). The Principles of Quantum Mechanics. ISBN 0-19-852011-5. The beginning chapters make up a very clear and comprehensible introduction.
• [5] Albert Messiah, 1966. Quantum Mechanics (Vol. I), English translation from French by G. M. Temmer. North Holland, John Wiley & Sons. Cf. chpt. IV, section III.
• [6] Omnès, Roland (1999). Understanding Quantum Mechanics. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00435-8. OCLC 39849482.
• [7] von Neumann, John (1955). Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-02893-1.
• [8] Hermann Klaus Hugo Weyl, FRS, 1950. The Theory of Groups and Quantum Mechanics, Dover Publications.
• [9] D. Greenberger, K. Hentschel, F. Weinert, eds., 2009. Compendium of quantum physics, Concepts, experiments, history and philosophy, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.

• ... more to come
• [12] Brown R (2004) Crossed complexes and homotopy groupoids as non commutative tools for higher dimensional local-to-global problems. In: Proceedings of the Fields Institute Workshop on Categorical Structures for Descent and Galois Theory, Hopf Algebras and Semiabelian Categories, September 23-28, 2004, Fields Institute Communications 43:101-130.
• [13] Brown R, Hardie K A, Kamps K H, and Porter T (2002) A homotopy double groupoid of a Hausdorff space. Theory and Applications of Categories 10:71-93.
• [14] Georgescu G, and Popescu D (1968) On Algebraic Categories. Revue Roumaine de Mathematiques Pures et Appliquées 13:337-342.
• [15] Georgescu G, and Vraciu C (1970) On the Characterization of Łukasiewicz Algebras. J. Algebra, 16 (4):486-495.
• [16] Georgescu G (2006) N-valued Logics and Łukasiewicz-Moisil Algebras. Axiomathes 16 (1-2): 123-136.
• [17] Landsman N P (1998) Mathematical topics between classical and quantum mechanics. Springer Verlag, New York.

## Quantum Logics

### Notation Table

Polish- or Łukasiewicz's notation for logic

Concept Conventional
notation
Polish
notation
Polish / English
word
w:Negation ${\displaystyle \neg \phi }$ negation (No)}
Conjunction ${\displaystyle \phi \land \psi }$ Kφψ conjunction
w:Disjunction ${\displaystyle \phi \lor \psi }$ Aφψ alternate OR=disjunction
w:Material conditional ${\displaystyle \phi \to \psi }$ Cφψ implication
w:Biconditional ${\displaystyle \phi \leftrightarrow \psi }$ Eφψ equivalence'
w:Falsum ${\displaystyle \bot }$ O False value
w:Sheffer stroke ${\displaystyle \phi \mid \psi }$ Dφψ Sheffer stroke
Possibility ${\displaystyle \Diamond \phi }$ contingent
Necessity ${\displaystyle \Box \phi }$ Necessary condition
w:Universal quantifier Πpφ kwantyfikator ogólny ANY:

For all p, \phi|Universal quantifier

Existential quantifier ${\displaystyle \exists p\,\phi }$ Σpφ Exists
• Note that the quantifiers ranged over propositional values in Łukasiewicz's work on many-valued logics.