Chemicals/Fluorines
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Although they do not occur naturally on the surface of the Earth, the phase diagram on the right shows temperatures and pressures for α-F (monoclinic) and β-F (cubic).
Emissions[edit | edit source]
Fluorine has green emission lines that occur in plasmas at 526.83, 528.56, 529.76 and 530.27 nm from F VI.[1]
The emission and absorption spectra of fluorine contains at least eight lines or bands from the cyan to the ultraviolet.[2]
Gases[edit | edit source]
The set of images on the right compare the color of air (1) with fluorine (2) and chlorine (3) gases.
Liquids[edit | edit source]
Liquid fluorine in the tube on the right is yellow-orange in color.
"Variations in sea-surface temperature (SST) occur in association with changes in the Earth's climate. [...] However, despite a large effort, the glacial record of SST is still controversial, especially in the tropics. [Studies] of foraminifera demonstrated that the interspecific variability in Mg/Ca ratios of planktonic shells is strongly correlated with water temperature at the estimated calcification depth [...] Similar correlations were also observed Sr/Ca and F/Ca [...] possibly suggesting an important role for temperature on the elemental composition of foraminifera. [...] F/Ca of foraminafera is governed primarily by biological processes."[3]
Stars[edit | edit source]
"Fluorine abundances for red giants of type K, Ba, M, MS, S, SC,N, and J [may be] obtained from the [infrared] rotation-vibration lines of the molecule HF. There appears to be a clear correlation between [F/O] and 12C/16O since N stars display F abundances up to 30 times the solar system value. This correlation points toward the He-burning shell as the site of F synthesis. The nuclear chain 14N(α,γ)18F(β+)18O(p,α)15N(α,γ)19F (where protons come from 13C(α,n)16O followed by 14N(n,p)14C) operating at the very beginning of He-burning is the most likely for 19F production in thermal pulses."[4]
Resources[edit | edit source]
- Chemicals/Actinides
- Chemicals/Aluminums
- Chemicals/Berylliums
- Chemicals/Heliums
- Chemicals/Hydrogens
- Chemicals/Leads
- Chemicals/Lithiums
- Chemicals/Materials
- Chemicals/Mineraloids
- Chemicals/Nickels
- Chemicals/Nitrogens
- Chemicals/Oxidanes
- Chemicals/Reactions
- Chemicals/Reactions/Oxidation numbers
- Chemicals/Rocks
- Chemicals/Thoriums
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ K. J. McCarthy; A. Baciero; B. Zurro; TJ-II Team (12 June 2000). Impurity Behaviour Studies in the TJ-II Stellarator, In: 27th EPS Conference on Contr. Fusion and Plasma Phys.. 24B. Budapest: ECA. pp. 1244-7. http://crpppc42.epfl.ch/Buda/pdf/p3_116.pdf. Retrieved 20 January 2013.
- ↑ Alex Petty (July 2007). Fluorine light signature. alexpetty.com. http://www.alexpetty.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Figure-9.-The-light-signature-of-Fluorine.png. Retrieved 2013-06-01.
- ↑ Yair Rosenthal; Edward A. Boyle; Niall Slowey (1997). "Temperature control on the incorporation of magnesium, strontium, fluorine, and cadmium into benthic foraminiferal shells from Little Bahama Bank: Prospects for thermocline paleoceanography". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61 (17): 3633-43. http://boyle.mit.edu/~ed/PDFs/Rosenthal(1997)GCA.pdf. Retrieved 2014-09-22.
- ↑ A. Jorissen; V.V. Smith; D.L. Lambert (July 1992). "Fluorine in red giant stars: evidence for nucleosynthesis". Astronomy and Astrophysics 261 (1): 164-87. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992A&A...261..164J. Retrieved 2013-08-01.
