Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Symptoms/C

The A-Z of Parkinson's Symptoms

C

Catalepsy (timelss, tireless, effortless maintenance of postures)

( To subpage for editing >> ) Catalepsy Tireless, timeless , effortless maintenance of postures. The following references are relevant:- Azam et al (2010) Design, synthesis and anti-Parkinsonian evaluation of 3-alkyl/aryl-8-(furan-2-yl)thiazolo[5,4-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine-2(3H)-thiones against neuroleptic-induced catalepsy and oxidative stress in mice. Nayebi et al (2010) Buspirone improves 6-hydroxydopamine-induced catalepsy through stimulation of nigral 5-HT(1A) receptors in rats. Mahmoudi et al (2011) Buspirone improves the anti-cataleptic effect of levodopa in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Catalepsy. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Catatonia (holding of statuesque postures)

( To subpage for editing >> ) Catatonia Holding of statuesque postures The following references are relevant:- Northoff et al (1997) Glutamatergic dysfunction in catatonia? Successful treatment of three acute akinetic catatonic patients with the NMDA antagonist amantadine. Bhati et al(2007) Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Empirical Treatments for Catatonia Carroll et al(2007) Katatonia - A New Conceptual Understanding of Catatonia and a New Rating Scale Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Catatonia. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Chorea (involuntary, desultory flickering movement)

( To subpage for editing >> ) Chorea Involuntary, desultory flickering movement. The following references are relevant:- Barbeau et al (1965) Fingerprint Patterns in Huntington's Chorea and Parkinson's Disease Reuter et al (2000) Late onset levodopa responsive Huntington's disease with minimal chorea masquerading as Parkinson plus syndrome Ciammola et al (2011) Atypical Parkinsonism Revealing a Late Onset, Rigid and Akinetic Form of Huntington's Disease Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Chorea. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Choreoathetosis (iinvoluntary, jerky, snake-like movement, udually of the arms)

( To subpage for editing >> ) Choreoathetosis Involuntary jerky snake-like movements usually of the arms. The following references are relevant:- Teräväinen and Calne (1980) Action tremor in Parkinson’s disease Bhidayasiri and Truong,(2004) Chorea and related disorders Perkovic et al (2010) Sildenafil induced choreoathetosis in men with Parkinson's disease. Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Choreoathetosis. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Clonus (vibrato-like reaction to forced muscle stretching)

( To subpage for editing >> ) Clonus Vibrato-like reaction to forced muscle stretching. The following references are relevant:- Hofmann (1962) Observations on peripheral servo mechanisms in Parkinsonian rigidity Burke et al (1972) Tonic vibration reflex in spasticity, Parkinson's disease, and normal subjects Findley et al (1981) Tremor, the cogwheel phenomenon and clonus in Parkinson's disease Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Clonus. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Cognitive Impairment

( To subpage for editing >> ) Cognitive impairment Problems with mental processes such as thinking, learning and judging See also Dementia The folllowing references are relevant. Goldman and Litvan (2011) Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease Litvan et al(2011) MDS Task Force on Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s disease: Critical Review of PD-MCI Weintrub et al (2011) Neurodegeneration Across Stages of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Cognitive_Impairment. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Cogwheel rigidity

( To subpage for editing >> ) Cogwheel rigidity Stiffness in the muscles, with a jerky quality when arms and legs are repeatedly moved. The following references are relevant:- Lance et al(1963) Action tremor and the cogwheel phenomenon in Parkinson’s disease Findley et al (1981) Tremor, the cogwheel phenomenon and clonus in Parkinson’s disease Ghiglione et al(2005) Cogwheel Rigidity Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Cogwheel rigidity. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. rigidity Pubmed (abstracts) rigidity Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) rigidity Google_Scholar References

Coma

( To subpage for editing >> ) Coma Deep unconsciousness with loss of awareness The following references are relevant:- Guillan(1925) A clinical study of encephalitis lethargic – based on 62 cases Jang et al (2009) Highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus can enter the central nervous system and induce neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration Nakamagoe et al (2009) Parkinsonism with organophosphate poisoning Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Coma. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Compulsive behaviour

( To subpage for editing >> ) Compulsive behaviour Out-of character uncontrollable urges, for instance gambling. The following references are relevant:- Djamshidian et al (2010) Risk and learning in impulsive and non-impulsive patients with Parkinson’s disease Djamshidian et al (2011) Novelty seeking behaviour in Parkinson’s disease Bostwick et al (2012) Frequency of New-Onset Pathologic Compulsive Gambling or Hypersexuality After Drug Treatment of Idiopathic Parkinson Disease Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Compulsive behaviour. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. behaviour Pubmed (abstracts) behaviour Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) behaviour Google_Scholar References

Constipation

( To subpage for editing >> ) Constipation Decreased ability of intestinal muscles to move stool through the bowels Gao et al (2011) A Prospective Study of Bowel Movement Frequency and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease Forsyth et al (2011) Increased Intestinal Permeability Correlates with Sigmoid Mucosa alpha-Synuclein Staining and Endotoxin Exposure Markers in Early Parkinson's Disease Wang et al (2013) Early recognition of pelvic floor dyssynergia and colorectal assessment in Parkinson's disease associated with bowel dysfunction. Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Constipation. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Contractures (permanent contraction at joints))

( To subpage for editing >> ) Contractures Permanent contraction at joints. The following references are relevant:- Ebin (1951) Surgical Treatment of Parkinsonism: Indications and Results Kyriakides and Hewer (1988) Hand contractures in Parkinson's disease. Shah et al (2005) Flexion contracture after total knee arthroplasty in a patient with Parkinson's disease: successful treatment with botulinum toxin type A. Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Contractures. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

Coprolalia(exclamatory swearing and the use of hostile or obscene epithets0

( To subpage for editing >> ) Coprolalia Exclamatory swearing and use of hostile or obscene epithets. Daniele et al (1997) Obsessive-compulsive behaviour and cognitive impairment in a parkinsonian patient after left putaminal lesion. Shale et al (2005) Tics in a patient with Parkinson's disease† Dale et al (2007) Contemporary encephalitis lethargica presenting with agitated catatonia, stereotypy, and dystonia-parkinsonism. Further Research Search the scientific literature Literature search: Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Coprolalia. This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance. Pubmed (abstracts) Pubmed_Central (Full_Text) Google_Scholar References

< Back to Parkinson's Symptoms

Links to the symptoms of Parkinson's in alphabetical order:

A	B	C	D	E
F - G	H	I - L	M - N	O
P - Q	R	S	T	U - Z

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