Latin/Basics Lesson 2
< Latin
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Here is a second lesson for those of you interested. Latin has no article adjectives. Enjoy!
New vocabulary
[edit | edit source]| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| mālum, i | apple | ||
| is, ea, id | he, she, it | as subject pronoun | |
| tū | you | singular, as subject pronoun) | |
| edit | he eats/ she eats | ||
| es | you are | ||
| est | he is/ she is/ it is |
Review vocabulary
[edit | edit source]| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| puella, ae | girl | ||
| puer, ī | boy | ||
| fēmina, ae | woman | ||
| vir | man | ||
| homō, hominis | man | ||
| sum | I am |
Sentences
[edit | edit source]| Latin | English | Audio (Classical) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| All sentences together | |||
| Mālum | apple/ an apple/ the apple | ||
| Puer est. | He is a boy. | ||
| Edit. | He eats./ She eats. | ||
| Is puer est. | He is a boy. | notā bene - Subject pronouns are infrequently used in Latin, since every verb contains an ending that indicates person and number. But it's probably useful to introduce them at this point as an optional part of a sentence, especially when used with nouns that are gender-specific. | |
| Is edit. | He eats. | ||
| Puella est. | She is a girl. | ||
| Puella edit. | The girl eats. | ||
| Ea est puella. | She is a girl. | ||
| Fēmina es. | You are a woman. | ||
| Tū es fēmina/ Tū fēmina es. | You are a woman. | ||
| Es vir. | You are a man. | ||
| Est vir. | He is a man. | ||
| Ea fēmina est. | She is a woman. | ||
| Is est vir. | He is a man. | ||
| Vir mālum edit. | The man eats an apple. | notā bene - This is our first sentence with a direct object, but we dodge the difficulty of inflecting nouns into the accusative case for now, since neuter nouns like mālum are the same in both nominative and accusative case. Also note that conventional Latin word order is SOV, with the verb at the end, but this is by no means a rule of syntax and is frequently ignored. The real trick is to learn to pay close attention to the endings of nouns and verbs. | |
| Fēmina mālum edit. | The woman eats the apple. | ||
| Homō est. | He is a man. | remember there are two commonly used nouns for man. | |
| Puella es. | You are a girl. | ||
| Puella edit mālum. | The girl eats an apple. | ||
| Mālum est. | It is an apple. | "Malum est" means "It is bad," and "Mālum malum est." means "It is a bad apple," but let's wait for a future lesson for that! |
Practice
[edit | edit source]| Practice and learn the words and phrases in this lesson | |
|---|---|
| Step one | First learn the words using this lesson: |
| Step two | Next try learning and writing the sentences using this: |
| Note that the Memrise stage covers the content for the first three lessons | |
We hope you've enjoyed this basic Latin lesson. Gratiās vōbīs agō!