Survey research and design in psychology/Abbreviations

Abbreviation	Meaning
$\alpha$	Alpha
ANOVA	Analysis of Variance
ANCOVA	Analysis of Covariance
β	Beta (Standardised regression coefficient)
$\chi$ 2	Chi-square
CI	Confidence Interval
df	Degrees of Freedom
DV	Dependent Variable
e	Error
ES	Effect Size
$\eta$ 2	Eta-squared
$\eta$ p2	Partial Eta-squared
H0	Null hypothesis
H1	Alternative hypothesis
IV	Independent Variable
LOM	Level of Measurement
LR	Linear Regression
M	Mean
MD	Mahalanobis’ Distance
MLR	Multiple Linear Regression
MVO	Multivariate Outlier
N	Sample Size
PASW	Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - formerly known as SPSS
$\phi$	Phi
r	Product-moment correlation or Pearson’s correlation
R	Multiple correlation co-efficient
SD	Standard Deviation
SE	Standard Error
SPSS	Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - now known as PASW
ST	Significance Test/Testing