8.85×10−12 F/m = vacuum permittivity.
e = 1.602×10−19C: negative (positive) charge for electrons (protons)
= 8.99×109 m/F
where
where
= field above an infinite plane of charge.
[1]
= electric flux
where
[2]
OpenStax University Physics/E&M/Electric Charges and Fields
= electric flux
where
OpenStax University Physics/E&M/Electric Charges and Fields
= electric flux
where
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