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Progress and Prospects in Parkinson's Research/Symptoms/E

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The A-Z of Parkinson's Symptoms

E

Echolalia (forced repetition of someone's words)

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Echolalia

Forced repetition of someone’s words

The following references are relevant:-

Critchley (1981) Speech disorders of Parkinsonism: a review. [1]


Dierckx et al (1991) Evolution of technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT and brain mapping in a patient presenting with echolalia and palilalia. [2]


Ghika et al (1996) “”Echoing approval": a new speech disorder.[3]

Further Research

Search the scientific literature

Literature search:

Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Echolalia.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
Pubmed (abstracts)
Pubmed_Central (Full_Text)
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References

  1. ↑ Critchley, E. M. (date) Full Text Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 44 (9) 751–758. Speech disorders of Parkinsonism: a review. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC491132/
  2. ↑ Dierckx, R. A.; Saerens, J.; De Deyn, P.P.; Verseigers, W.; Marien, P. and Vandevivere, J. (1991) Abstract J. Nucl. Med. 32 (8) 1619 – 1621 Evolution of technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT and brain mapping in a patient presenting with echolalia and palilalia. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1869990
  3. ↑ Ghika, J.; Bogpuslavsky, J.; Ghika-Schmidt, F. and Regli, F. (1996) Abstract J. Neurol. 3 (9) 633 – 637 "Echoing approval": a new speech disorder. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8892063
Erethism (pathological irritability or sensitivity of an organ or a body part)

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Erethism

Pathological irritability or sensitivity of an organ or a body part.

This symptom (also known as Mad Hatter's Disease is commonly associated with mercury toxicity, (prevalent in hat manufacture) which is itself a noted causal risk for PD.

The following references are relevant:-

Critchley (1981) Speech disorders of Parkinsonism: a review. [1]

Clarkson et al (2003) Human Exposure to Mercury: the Three Modern Dilemmas [2]

Liu et al (2012) Occupational Neurotoxic Diseasesin Taiwan[3]

Further Research

Search the scientific literature

Literature search:

Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Erethism.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
Pubmed (abstracts)
Pubmed_Central (Full_Text)
Google_Scholar


References

  1. ↑ Critchley, E.M. (1981) Full Text J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 44 (9) 751 – 758. Spech disorders of Parkinsonism: a review http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC491132/
  2. ↑ Clarkson, Thomas W.; Magos, Lazio and Myers, Gary J. font color="maroon">(2003) Abstract The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medecine. 15 321 – 343 Human Exposure to Mercury: the Three Modern Dilemmas http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jtra.10050/abstract
  3. ↑ Liu, Chi-Hung, Huang, Chi-Yun and Huang, Chin-Chang (2012) Abstract Safety and Health at Work 3 94) 257 – 267 Occupational Neurotoxic Diseasesin Taiwanhttp://synapse.koreamed.org/search.php?where=aview&id=10.5491/SHAW.2012.3.4.257&code=0193SHAW&vmode=FULL
Exotropia (squint)

Redirected to Strabismus (To subpage for editing >> )

Strabismus

Divergent squint of the eyes

(See also Exotropia = Outward divergence and Esotropia = Inward Divergence. Also Tic)


The following references are relevant:-

Rascol et al (1991) Square wave jerks in parkinsonian syndromes[1]

Scoditti, et al (1993) Peroneal muscular atrophy with parkinsonism, ptosis, and congenital strabismus. [2]

Almer et al (2011) Ocular Motor and Sensory Function in Parkinson Disease [3]

Further Research

[edit | edit source]
Search the scientific literature

Literature search:

Use the following links to query the PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar databases using the Search terms:- Parkinson's_Disease Strabismus.
This will list the latest papers on this topic. You are invited to update this page to reflect such recent results, pointing out their significance.
Pubmed (abstracts)
Pubmed_Central (Full_Text)
Google_Scholar


References

[edit | edit source]
  1. ↑ Rascol, O.; Sabatini, U.; Siminetta-Moreau, M.; Montatruc J.L.; Rascol, A. and Clanet, M. (1991) Full Text J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 54 (7) 599 – 602. Square wave jerks in parkinsonian syndromes.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1014429/
  2. ↑ Scoditti, U.; Gemighnanai, F.; Colonna, F.; Ludovico, L. and Bettoni,(1993) Full Text L. Acta Neurol. Scand. 88 (4) 251 -253 Peroneal muscular atrophy with parkinsonism, ptosis, and congenital strabismus http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8256567
  3. ↑ Almer, Zina; Klein, Katheine S.; Marsh, Laura; Gerstenhaber, Melissa and Repka, Michael X. (2011) Full Text Ophthalmology. 119 (1) 178 – 182. Ocular Motor and Sensory Function in Parkinson Diseasehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3251710/

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Links to the symptoms of Parkinson's in alphabetical order:

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P - Q R S T U - Z

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