Motivation and emotion/Book/2020/Synthetic cannaboids and emotion

Synthetic cannabinoids and emotion:
What are the emotional effects of synthetic cannabinoids?

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Synthetic Cannabinoids

What are Synthetic Cannabinoids?

Figure 1. The form of synthetic cannabinoid

Effect of Synthetic Cannabinoids on the Brain

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Emotional Effects

Short-Term Emotional Effects

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Long-Term Emotional Effects

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1. Tables can be an effective way to organise content.
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Understanding Synthetic Cannabinoids

Quiz Questions

Questions included will summarise and test based on the content discussed above.

Choose the correct answers and click "Submit":

1 Approximately how many neurons are in the human brain?

	1,000,000 (1 million)
	10,000,000 (10 million)
	100,000,000 (100 million)
	1,000,000,000 (1 billion)
	10,000,000,000 (10 billion)

2 A typical neuron fires ________ per second.

	1 to 4
	5 to 49
	50 to 99
	100 to 199
	200 to 499

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Theoretical Underpinning

James Lange Theory of Emotion

• Briefly outline this theory and how it is relative to the emotional effects of synthetic cannabinoids.

More theories to be included

Conclusion

Important points about this section:

1. This is arguably the most important section.
2. What is the answer to the question in the sub-title (based on psychological theory and research)?
3. What are the practical, take-home messages?

See also

• Synthetic cannabinoids (Wikipedia)
• Cannabis and negative emotions (Book chapter, 2017)
• Cannabis and positive emotions (Book chapter, 2016)

References

Castellanos, D., Singh, S., Thornton, G., Avila, M., & Moreno, A. (2011). Synthetic Cannabinoid Use: A Case Series of Adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 49, 347-349. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.08.002.

Cooper, Z.D. (2016). Adverse Effects of Synthetic Cannabinoids: Management of Acute Toxicity and Withdrawal. The Department of Health and Human Services, 18(5), 52. doi:10.1007/s11920-016-0694-1.

Cottencin, O., Rolland, B., & Karila, L. (2014). New Designer Drugs (Synthetic Cannabinoids and Synthetic Cathinones): Review of Literature. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 20(25), 4106-4111. doi:10.2174/13816128113199990622.

Seely, K.A., Lapoint, J., Moran, J.H., & Fattore, L. (2012). Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: A review of the pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 39(2), 234-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.04.017.

Soussan, C., & Kiellgrea, A. (2017). The Flip Side of “Spice”: The Adverse Effects of Synthetic Cannabinoids as Discussed on a Swedish Internet Forum. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 31(2), 207-220. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2478/nsad-2014-0016.

Zanettini, C., Panilio, L.V., Aliczki, M., Goldberg, S.R., Haller, J., & Yasar, S. (2011). Effects of endocannabinoid system modulation on cognitive and emotional behaviour. Frontiers in Behavioural Neuroscience. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00057.

External Links

• Synthetic Cannabinoids: K2/Spice (drugabuse.gov)