Bengali Language/Verbs/Perfect Aspect
Procedure
[edit | edit source]The Perfect Aspect Stem is created in the following manner :
| Steps | Example |
|---|---|
| 1. The verb that is to be conjugated in the perfect aspect, we take its infinitive form and remove the -aa ending | bawlaa --> bawl- |
| 2. To this new root, we add -e | bawl- + -e --> bole Note : the ending -e transforms the previous vowel in the root |
| 3. Now to this we add the perfect aspect marker fel-, raakh-/rekh-, ni-, di-, poR-, gi-, esh- We have now the Perfect Aspect Stem Not all of these markers can be attached to all verbs. |
bole fel-, bole raakh-/rekh-, bole ni-, bole di-, bole gi-, bole esh- (bole poR- is not possible in Bengali) |
Table of allowable Perfect Aspect Markers for different verbs
[edit | edit source]Here is an incomplete but expanding list which shows which verbs are allowed to join with which perfect aspect markers (PAM)
| Verb (infinitive) | PAM fel- | PAM raakh-/rekh- | PAM ni- | PAM di- | PAM poR- | PAM gi- | PAM ash-/esh- |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| baw•laa "to speak" |
bole fel- | bole raakh-/rekh- | bole ni- | bole di- | X | bole gi- | bole ash-/esh- |
| khaa•oaa "to eat/drink" |
kheye fel- | kheye raakh-/rekh- | kheye ni- | kheye di- | X | kheye gi- | kheye ash-/esh- |
| kaw•raa "to do" |
kore fel- | kore raakh-/rekh- | kore ni- | kore di- | X | kore gi- | kore ash-/esh- |
| ne•waa "to take" |
niye fel- | niye raakh-/rekh- | niye ni- | X | X | X | niye ash-/esh- |
| de•waa "to give" |
diye fel- | X | X | diye di- | X | X | diye ash-/esh- |
| dho•raa "to catch/hold" |
dhore fel- | dhore raakh-/rekh- | X | X | X | X | X |
| haw•aa "to be" |
X | X | X | X | hoye poR- | hoye gi- | X |
| o•Thaa "to get up" |
X | X | X | X | uThe poR- | uThe gi- | uThe ash-/esh- |
| aa•shaa "to come" |
X | X | X | X | eshe poR- | eshe gi- | X |
| pou•chhaa "to arrive/reach" |
X | X | X | X | X | pouchhe gi- | X |