Motivation and emotion/Book/2025/Stockholm syndrome emotion

Stockholm syndrome and emotion:
What are the emotional aspects of Stockholm syndrome?

[ Multimedia presentation (3 min)]

Overview

Something catchy about paradox of empathy/compassion/gratitude alongside fear/terror/isolation/abuse. Figure 1. Emotive image capturing perspective of an individual being actively threatened Comment on complexity of human behaviour, why? Chapter will unpack: What is Stockholm syndrome Antecents to Stockholm syndrome Exploration of the emotional apects of Stockholm syndrome Psychological mechanisms - survival Contemporary view within literature

Focus questions: What is Stockholm syndrome? What are the emotional aspects of Stockholm syndrome?

Stockholm syndrome

Stockholm syndrome is complex adaptive response to traumatic and threatening situations

Figure 2. Norrmalstrong robbery: Clark Olofsson on his way to court in 1967

Definition:

• Origins: Norrmalmstorg robbery- Hyper link other cases i.e Patty Hearst,
• Differentiation from disorder (why?) - comment, prior to DSM V consideration of inclusion under other stress related condition
• Brief comment on need for language - title to change to reflect survival mechanism (discus later on)

What are the emotional aspect of Stockholm sydrome?

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Table 1.

The Title of the table

Likely to list emotions and definitions	Heading
Terror (?)	Explanation
Gratitude (?)	Explanation
Sympathy or Empathy (?)	Explanation
Fear (?)	Explanation
	Explanation

Test yourself

REVIEW QUIZ

Psychological mechanisms

Topic sentence (Brief): Survival

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Case study insert a case study example that illustrates how positive affect/sympathy w. ones capture can be a mechanism of survival - i.e decrease threat level and increase provision of needs

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Contemporary Approaches (critque)

Topic sentence (Brief):

Test yourself

REVIEW HOW TO DO QUIZ

See also

• Trauma bonding (Wikipedia)
• Attachment theories (Wikipedia)
• Stockholm syndrome and motivation (Book chapter, 2024)

Reference

Alexander, D. A., & Klein, S. (2009). Kidnapping and hostage-taking: a review of effects, coping and resilience. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 102(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1258/jrsm.2008.080347

Bailey, R., Dugard, J., Smith, S. F., & Porges, S. W. (2023). Appeasement: replacing Stockholm syndrome as a definition of a survival strategy. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/20008066.2022.2161038

Cantor, C., & Price, J. (2007). Traumatic entrapment, appeasement and complex post-traumatic stress disorder: Evolutionary perspectives of hostage reactions, domestic abuse and the Stockholm syndrome. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 41(5), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/00048670701261178

Hammack, S. E., Cooper, M. A., & Lezak, K. R. (2012). Overlapping neurobiology of learned helplessness and conditioned defeat: Implications for PTSD and mood disorders. Neuropharmacology, 62(2), 565–575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.02.024

Music, G. (2021). Resparking from flatness: new thoughts on shut-down states after trauma and neglect. Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 47(3), 357–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2021.2018482

Palker-Corell, A., & Marcus, D. K. (2004). Partner abuse, learned helplessness, and trauma symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23(4), 445–462. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.23.4.445.40311

External links

• What is Stockholm syndrome (YouTube)