Motivation and emotion/Book/2016/Team Sport and emotion

Emotion

Emotion refers to a subjective complex pattern of changes, including physiological arousal, cognitive processes, feelings and behavioural reactions, in response to a personally significant situation. (American Psychological Association, 2016) There have been a number of psychologists who have studied emotion and worked towards identifying different types of emotion. Shaver et al. (2001) identified six primary emotions. Attached to these six emotions, there are secondary and tertiary emotions.

Primary emotion	Secondary emotion	Tertiary emotions
Love	Affection	Adoration, affection, love, fondness, liking, attraction, caring, tenderness, compassion, sentimentality
	Lust	Arousal, desire, lust, passion, infatuation
	Longing	Longing
Joy	Cheerfulness	Amusement, bliss, cheerfulness, gaiety, glee, jolliness, joviality, joy, delight, enjoyment, gladness, happiness, jubilation, elation, satisfaction, ecstasy, euphoria
	Zest	Enthusiasm, zeal, zest, excitement, thrill, exhilaration
	Contentment	Contentment, pleasure
	Pride	Pride, triumph
	Optimism	Eagerness, hope, optimism
	Enthrallment	Enthrallment, rapture
	Relief	Relief
Surprise	Surprise	Amazement, surprise, astonishment
Anger	Irritation	Aggravation, irritation, agitation, annoyance, grouchiness, grumpiness
	Exasperation	Exasperation, frustration
	Rage	Anger, rage, outrage, fury, wrath, hostility, ferocity, bitterness, hate, loathing, scorn, spite, vengefulness, dislike, resentment
	Disgust	Disgust, revulsion, contempt
	Envy	Envy, jealousy
	Torment	Torment
Sadness	Suffering	Agony, suffering, hurt, anguish
	Sadness	Depression, despair, hopelessness, gloom, glumness, sadness, unhappiness, grief, sorrow, woe, misery, melancholy
	Disappointment	Dismay, disappointment, displeasure
	Shame	Guilt, shame, regret, remorse
	Neglect	Alienation, isolation, neglect, loneliness, rejection, homesickness, defeat, dejection, insecurity, embarrassment, humiliation, insult
	Sympathy	Pity, sympathy
Fear	Horror	Alarm, shock, fear, fright, horror, terror, panic, hysteria, mortification
	Nervousness	Anxiety, nervousness, tenseness, uneasiness, apprehension, worry, distress, dread

While a plethora of research has been done on human emotions, Shaver's (2001) description of emotion some of the most comprehensive research that has been conducted on the range of emotions that humans feel. Ekman (2003), also found six universal emotions. These emotions were happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, anger, and disgust and also created an atlas of over 10,000 human facial expresions and the emotions that are related to these facial expressions.

Theories of team sport and emotion

James Lange theory

Witnessing an external stimulus leads to a physiological response. Your emotional reaction depends on upon how you interpret those physical reactions.

Event --> arousal --> interpretation --> emotion

See also

Bullet points of other similar chapters

References

http://www.apa.org/research/action/glossary.aspx?tab=5

Shaver, P., Schwartz, J., Kirson, D., & O'Connor, C. (2001). Emotional Knowledge: Further Exploration of a Prototype Approach. In G. Parrott (Eds.), Emotions in Social Psychology: Essential Readings (pp. 26-56). Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.

Unmasking the Face: A Guide to Recognizing Emotions from Facial Clues By Paul Ekman, Wallace V. Friesen https://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=TukNoJDgMTUC&oi=fnd&pg=PR3&dq=paul+ekman+atlas+of+emotion+journal&ots=GUJn8m6_9a&sig=ipJ395Z_JsfHLUg3N3eTR0141-U#v=onepage&q&f=false

Social contributions

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