WikiJournal of Science/A Survey on Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)/XML

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    <full_title>WikiJournal of Science/A Survey on Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)</full_title>
    <abbrev_title>Wiki.J.Sci.</abbrev_title>
    <issn media_type='electronic'>2002-4436 / 2470-6345 / 2639-5347</issn>
    <doi_data>
     <doi>10.15347/WJS</doi>
     <resource>http://www.WikiJSci.org/</resource>
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   <journal_issue>  
    <publication_date media_type='online'>     
     <year>2022</year>  
    </publication_date>   
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     <volume></volume>
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    <issue></issue>
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   <journal_article publication_type='full_text'>   
    <titles>     
     <title>A Survey on Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)</title>
    </titles>   
    <contributors>
    <person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>
     <surname></surname>
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    <publication_date media_type='online'>     
     <year>2022</year>
    </publication_date>   
    <doi_data>     
     <doi></doi>     
     <resource>https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/WikiJournal of Science/A Survey on Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)</resource>
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     <license-p>[[File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg|11px|link=Wikipedia:Open Access]] [[File:Cc.logo.circle.svg|16px|link=Wikipedia:Creative Commons]]
This is an open access article distributed under the&nbsp;[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution License], which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p>
    </license>
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   <abstract>
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<span class="extiw">Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)</span> is an <span class="extiw">internetwork</span> protocol that is active at the <span class="extiw">internet layer</span> according to the <span class="extiw">TCP/IP model</span>, it was developed in 1981 within a project managed by <span class="extiw">Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency</span>. In the following years, the use of IPv4 grew to dominate data networks around the world, becoming the backbone of the modern <span class="extiw">Internet</span>. In this survey, we highlight the operation of the protocol, explain its header structure, and show how it provides the following functions: Quality of service control, host addressing, data packet fragmentation and reassembly, connection multiplexing, and source routing. Furthermore, we handle both address-related and fragmentation-related implementation problems, focusing on the <span class="extiw">IPv4 address space exhaustion</span> and explaining the short and long terms proposed solutions. Finally, this survey highlights several auxiliary protocols that provide solutions to IPV, namely address resolution, error reporting, multicast management, and security.
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