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<email_address><span class="nowrap">Contact[[File:At sign.svg|alt=At sign|15px|@|link=]]WikiJMed.org</span></email_address>
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<registrant>WEB-FORM</registrant>
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<full_title>WikiJournal of Medicine/History of penicillin</full_title>
<abbrev_title>Wiki.J.Med.</abbrev_title>
<issn media_type='electronic'>2002-4436 / 2470-6345 / 2639-5347</issn>
<doi_data>
<doi>10.15347/WJM</doi>
<resource>http://www.WikiJMed.org/</resource>
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<journal_issue>
<publication_date media_type='online'>
<year>2021</year>
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<journal_volume>
<volume>8</volume>
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<issue>1</issue>
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<journal_article publication_type='full_text'>
<titles>
<title>History of penicillin</title>
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<person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>
<surname></surname>
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<surname>et al.</surname><affiliation>Wikipedia editors of History of penicillin</affiliation><link>https://xtools.wmflabs.org/articleinfo/en.wikipedia.org/History_of_penicillin//2021-10-22</link>
</person_name>
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<publication_date media_type='online'>
<year>2021</year>
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<doi_data>
<doi>10.15347/WJM/2021.003</doi>
<resource>https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/WikiJournal of Medicine/History of penicillin</resource>
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<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>CC-BY-SA</license-p>
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<abstract>
</p>
The history of penicillin was shaped by the contributions of numerous scientists. The ultimate result was the discovery of the mould ''Penicillium's'' antibacterial activity and the subsequent development of penicillins, the most widely used antibiotics. Following an accidental discovery of the mould, later identified as ''Penicillium rubens'', as the source of the antibacterial principle (1928) and the production of a pure compound (1942), penicillin became the first naturally derived antibiotic. There is anecdotal evidence of ancient societies using moulds to treat infections and of awareness that various moulds inhibited bacterial growth. However, it is not clear if ''Penicillium'' species were the species traditionally used or if the antimicrobial substances produced were penicillin. In 1928, Alexander Fleming was the first to discover the antibacterial substance secreted by the ''Penicillium'' mould and concentrate the active substance involved, giving it the name penicillin. His success in treating Harry Lambert's streptococcal meningitis, an infection until then fatal, proved to be a critical moment in the medical use of penicillin. Many later scientists were involved in the stabilisation and mass production of penicillin and in the search for more productive strains of ''Penicillium''. Among the most important were Ernst Chain and Howard Florey, who shared with Fleming the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
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