Recognizing Fallacies/Quick Reference
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This quick reference lists common logical fallacies.
Fallacies of Relevance[edit | edit source]
- Argument from Ignorance
- Appeal to Inappropriate Authority
- Argument Ad Hominem (Personal attacks)
- Appeal to Emotion
- Appeal to Pity
- Appeal to Force
- Irrelevant conclusions
Fallacies of Presumption[edit | edit source]
- Complex Question
- False Dilemma
- False Cause
- Begging the Question (Circular reasoning)
- Accident and Converse Accident (Drawing hasty conclusions)
Fallacies of Ambiguity[edit | edit source]
- Equivocation
- Amphiboly (Syntactic ambiguity)
- Accent (Verbal emphasis)
- Composition (Generalizing to the class from one instance)
- Division (Generalizing from the whole to each of its parts)
Formal Fallacies[edit | edit source]
- Affirming the consequent
- Denying the antecedent