Open Pathology Project

Open Pathology Education Project aims at providing open pathology educational resources for students and educators. This project involves developing, curating and sharing pathology related educational material under CC licenses. Here is the list of topics under the scope of this project. This page contains 87 topic areas.

Article	Description	Commons histopathology category	Structured data item
Neutrophils	Micrograph showing neutrophils in acute inflammation.	Category: Neutrophils	Neutrophil
Plasma cells	Plasma cell showing eccentrically placed round nucleus with cart wheel like chromatin.	Category: Plasma cells	Plasma cell
Eosinophils	Micrograph showing low power view of Eosinophils.	Category: Eosinophils	Eosinophil
Lymphocyte	Micrograph showing lymphocytes in caseating granuloma.	Category: Lymphocytes	Lymphocyte
Fibroblasts	Fibroblasts in intestinal pneumonia	Category: Fibroblasts	Fibroblast
Foam cells	Histopathology of cholesterolosis of the gallbladder, with annotated foam cell	Category: Foam cell	Foam cell
Macrophages	Lung showing congestion with plenty of alveolar macrophages containing phagocytosed brownish granular hemosiderin pigment.	Category: Macrophages	Macrophage
Langhans cells	Langhans giant cell in the centre of a non-caseating granuloma.	Category: Langhans giant cells	Langhans giant cell
Foreign body giant cells	Micrograph showing a foreign body engulfed by a giant cell.	Category: Foreign body giant cell	Foreign body giant cell
Granulation tissue	Micrograph showing proliferating capillaries, fibroblasts and acute inflammatory cells.	Category: Histopathology of granulation tissue	Granulation tissue
Foreign body granuloma	Granulomatous reaction to keratin characterized by foreign body giant cells and chronic inflammatory cells.	Category: Histopathology of foreign body granuloma	Foreign body granuloma, silicone granuloma
Tuberculous granuloma	Caseating granulomatous lesion with areas of amorphous granular eosinophilic necrotic debris known as caseation (on the right half) bordered by collections of epitheloid cells, Langhan giant cells and lymphocytes.	Category: Histopathology of tuberculous granuloma	Tuberculous granuloma
Fat necrosis	Breast lump showing an area of fat necrosis showing shadowy outlines of necrotic adipocytes surrounded by an inflammatory reaction with cholesterol clefts.	Category: Histopathology of liponecrosis	Liponecrosis
Calcinosis cutis	Multiple amorphous basophilic calcium deposits in the dermis.	Category: Histopathology of calcinosis cutis	Calcinosis cutis
Hemochromatosis liver	Micrograph of hemochromatosis liver showing hepatocytes with coarse golden yellow granules of hemosiderin within the cytoplasm. These granules stain with Prussian blue stain.	Category: Histopathology of hemochromatosis	hereditary hemochromatosis
Caseous necrosis	Caseating granulomatous lesion with areas of amorphous granular eosinophilic necrotic debris known as caseation (on the right half) bordered by collections of epitheloid cells, Langhan giant cells and lymphocytes.	Category: Histopathology of caseous necrosis	caseous necrosis
Fatty change in liver	Hepatic parenchymal cell cytoplasm containing clear vacuoles containing fat of varying sizes, displacing the nucleus towards the periphery.	Category: Lipid steatosis	steatosis
Carcinoma in situ	CIN-III (HSIL) showing diffuse severe atypia with loss of maturation involving full thickness of epithelium with intact basement membrane.	Category: Histopathology of carcinomas in situ	Carcinoma in-situ
Lymph node metastasis	Lymph node showing metastases from colorectal carcinoma	Category: Lymph node metastases	Lymph node metastasis
Fibroadenoma	A well circumscribed lesion showing proliferation of intralobular stroma compressing and distorting the epithelium.	Category: Histopathology of breat fibroadenomas	Fibroadenoma
Tumor giant cell	Malignant neoplasm showing marked anaplasia. Note the marked nuclear pleomorphism, bizarre cells and tumor giant cells.	Category: Histopathology of giant cell tumors	Giant cell tumor
Capillary hemangioma	Micrograph showing capillary hemangioma of skin.	Category: Histopathology of capillary hemangioma	Capillary hemangioma
Lepromatous leprosy	Skin biopsy showing epidermal atrophy and multiple dermal infiltrates.	Category: Histopathology of leprosy	Leprosy
Tuberculoid leprosy	Skin biopsy showing multiple peri-appendageal granulomas.	Category: Histopathology of leprosy	Leprosy
Tuberculous lymphadenitis	Caseating granulomatous lesion with areas of amorphous granular eosinophilic necrotic debris known as caseation (on the right half) bordered by collections of epitheloid cells, Langhan giant cells and lymphocytes.	Category: Histopathology of tuberculous lymphadenitis	Tuberculous lymphadentis
Tuberculosis of intestine	The lamina propria is stuffed with wall-to-wall histiocytes. This Kinyoun carbolfuchsin stain shows innumerable acid-fast bacilli	Category: Histopatology of gastrointestinal tuberculosis	Gastrointestinal tuberculosis
Helminth in appendix	Micrograph showing lumen of appendix and cut section of pin worm.	Category: Histopathology of appendix with Enterobius vermicularis	Parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease
Chromoblastomycosis	Micrograph of chromoblastomycosis showing sclerotic bodies in dermis.	Category: Histopathology of chromoblastomycosis	Chromoblastomycosis
Amoebiasis	Colonic biopsy showing trophozoite of Entamoeba Histolytica with ingested red blood cells.	Category: Histopathology of amoebiasis	Amoebiasis
Rhinosporidiosis	Section of a polyp containing Rhinosporidium seeberi	Category: Histopathology of rhinosporidiosis	Rhinosporidiosis
Filarial lymphadenitis	Micrograph showing section of an adult filarial worm. Surrounding tissue shows dense infiltration of eosinophils.	Category: Histopathology of filariases	filariasis
Reactive hyperplasia of lymph node	Histopathology of a reactive lymph node by the cystic duct in a case of cholecystitis.	Category: Reactive hyperplasia of lymph node	Reactive hyperplasia
Diffuse B-cell lymphoma	Lymph node FNA specimen showing diffuse large B cell lymphoma.	Category: Histopathology of diffuse large B cell lymphoma	Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Follicular lymphoma	Micrograph showing a small B-cell lymphoma compatible with follicular lymphoma. H&E stain.	Category: Histopathology of follicular lymphoma	Follicular lymphoma
Hodgkin's lymphoma	Micrograph of a lymph node in Hodgkin's lymphoma with the characteristic Reed-Sternberg cell. RS cell is a large cell with abundant amophophilic cytoplasm and binucleate mirror image nuclei. Each nucleus contains an acidophilic nucleolus surrounded by a halo.	Category: Histopathology of Hodgkin's lymphoma	Hodgkin's lymphoma
Congestive hepatopathy (CVC liver)	Micrograph showing chronic venous congestion of liver	Category: Histopathology of chronic venous congestion of liver	Congestive hepatopathy of liver
Chronic venous congestion of spleen	Micrograph showing chronic venous congestion of spleen. Sinusoids are dialated. Organized foci of old hemorrhage seen as areas of fibrosis containing brown pigment (hemosiderin).	Category: Histopathology of chronic venous congestion of spleen	Chronic venous congestion of spleen
Cavernous hemangioma	Histopathological image reprsenting a cavernous hemangioma of the liver.	Category: Histopathology of cavernous liver hemangioma	Cavernous hemangioma
Atherosclerosis	Atherosclerosis showing extracellular lipid accumulation and foam cells.	Category: Histopathology of atherosclerosis	Atherosclerosis
Emphysema	Micrograph of empysema lung showing dialated, large alveoli separated by thin septa. Some septae are ruptured and appear to be floating in the alveloar spaces. Grossly emphysematous lung appears pale and voluminous.	Category: Histopathology of pulmonary emphysema	Emphysema
Squamous cell carcinoma of lung	Micrograph of squamous Cell Carcinoma Lung. A lobule of polygonal squamous cells with moderate amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei are seen. The islands show abnormal keratinization in the form of epithelial pearls in the centre. These epithelial pearls are whorls or eddies of malignant cells with pink keratin in the centre.	Category: Histopathology of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung	Squamous cell carcinoma of lung
Bronchoalveolar carcinoma	Lepidic pattern of growth of tumor cells along the alveolar wall resembling butterfly sitting on fence. Normal alveoli is seen towards right side.	Category: Histopathology of bronchio-alveolar carcinoma	Bronchio-alveolar carcinoma
Pulmonary tuberculosis	Pulmonary tuberculosis characterized by granulomatous inflammation with necrotizing epithelioid granulomas.	Category: Histopathology of pulmonary tuberculosis	Pulmonary tuberculosis
Aspergilloma	This ectatic bronchus is filled with a colony of Aspergillus. The organisms are confined to the lumen of the bronchus and do not invade surrounding tissues.	Category: Histopathology of pulmonary aspergilloma	Aspergilloma
Small cell carcinoma of lung	Micograph of small Cell Carcinoma Lung. The tumor appears blue because the malignant epithelial cells are small with scanty cytoplasm, nuclei shows finely granulated chromatin. Cells are seen in clusters. There is nuclear overlapping with moulding and crushing.	Category: Histopathology of small cell lung cancer	Small cell lung cancer
Pneumonia	Lung tissue showing numerous neutrophils with minimal exudates in the alveolar space with septal wall congestion.	Category: Histopathology of pneumonia	Lobar pneumonia
Aspiration pneumonia	Lung tissue where alveoli contain hemosiderin-laden macrophages and occasional multinucleate giant cells as well as red blood cells.	Category: Histopathology of aspiration pneumonia	Aspiration pneumonia
Adenocarcinoma colon	Micrograph of carcinoma colon showing malignant glands.Nuclei are small and vesicular, located at the bottom of the cell. The cells show increased nucleocytoplasmic ratio.	Category: Histopathology of colorectal adenocarcinoma	Colorectal carcinoma
Chronic gastric ulcer	Acute stress ulcer of stomach in erosive gastritis.	Category: Histopathology of gastritis	Gastritis
Adenocarcinoma stomach	Micrograph of carcinoma stomach. The glands are seen infiltrating the muscle layer. The neoplastic cells are arranged in cords and in glandular pattern. The cells show dysplastic features. Signet rings with nucleus pushed to the periphery are seen in some types of adenocarcinoma.	Category: Histopathology of adenocarcinoma stomach	Adenocarcinoma of stomach
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin	Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma skin showing malignant cells with mild atypia resembling normal squamous epithelial cells with intercellular bridges, individual cell keratinisation and nests of keratin pearls.	Category: Histopathology of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin	Squamous cell carcinoma
Pleomorphic adenoma	Micrograph of Pleomorphic Adenoma of Salivary gland. The section shows a cellular area interspersed with islands of lighter stained bluish myxoid tissue. The cellular area is the epithelial element and is composed of cells arranged in sheets and trabeculae. The myxoid areas may resemble cartilage and represent the mesenchymal element.	Category: Histopathology of pleomorphic adenoma	Pleomorphic adenoma
Cirrhosis	Micrograph of liver showing nodules of parenchymal liver cells engulfed by broad bands of fibrous tissue. The liver has lost its normal architecture.	Category: Histopathology of alcoholic cirrhosis	Liver cirrhosis
Fatty liver	Hepatic parenchymal cell cytoplasm containing clear vacuoles containing fat of varying sizes, displacing the nucleus towards the periphery.	Category: Lipid steatosis	steatosis
Serous cystadenoma	Histopathology of serous cystadenoma, with admixed scattered ciliated cells. This case closely resembles normal surface endometrial epithelium of the uterus	Category: Histopathology of ovarian serous cystadenoma	Ovarian cystadenoma
Mucinous cystadenoma	Micrograph showing Mucinous Cystadenoma of ovary. The cyst wall is lined by tall columnar epithelium and filled with mucin.	Category: Histopathology of mucinous cystadenoma	Mucinous cystadenoma
Dysgerminoma	Dysgerminoma characterized by uniform cells resembling primordial germ cells separated by fibrous septa with lymphocytes.	Category: Histopathology of ovarian dysgerminoma	Ovarian dysgerminoma
Vesicular mole	Micrograph of vesicular mole showing oedematous chorionic villus with circumferential proliferation of trophoblasts.	Category: Histopathology of chorionic villi	chorionic villi
Products of gestation	Micrograph showing products of conception. Chorionic villi and decidual tissue are seen.	Category: Histopathology of products of conception	products of conception
Benign cystic teratoma	Micrograph of Teratoma Ovary showing areas of cartilage, mucous glands, squamous epithelium and hair follicle.	Category: Histopathology of mature teratoma of ovary	teratoma
Seminoma testis	Micrograph of seminoma testes showing lobules of uniform cells separated by delicate septae of fibrous tissue. These cells can have a distinct outline with clear cytoplasm. The nuclei are large, with central prominent nucleolus.	Category: Histopathology of testicular seminoma	seminoma
Endometrium	Micrograph showing proliferative phase of endometrium.	Category: Histology of endometrium	endometrium
Leiomyoma uterus	Micrograph of leiomyoma uterus showing bundles of smooth muscle cells of uniform size and shape. The cells are spindle shaped with oval nucleus.	Category: Histopathology of uterine fibroids	Leiomyoma
Squamous cell carcinoma of cervix	Invasive Squamous Carcinoma of the Cervix. Cold Knife Cone.	Category: Histopathology of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix	Invasive squamous carcinoma of cervix
Cystic hyperplasia of endometrium	Micrograph showing cystic hyperplasia of endometrium. Cystically dialated glands are lined by proliferative type of epithelium. Stroma also resembles proliferative phase. No atypia is seen in the cells.	Category: Histopathology of hyperplasia endometrium	Cystic hyperplasia
Neuroblastoma	Histopathology specimen of neuroblastoma showing Homer Wright rosettes (HE stain)	Category: Histopathology of neuroblastoma	Neuroblastoma
Nephroblastoma	Adult Wilm's tumor showing tubular pattern resembling pseudo-rosettes at places.	Category: Histopathology of Wilm's tumor	Wilm's tumor
Retinoblastoma	This retinoblastoma has characteristic Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes with circular alignment of short columnar cells around a central lumen.	Category: Histopathology of retinoblastoma	Retinoblastoma
Osteoclastoma	The micrographs show the characteristic giant cells with nuclei that have a similar appearance to the surrounding (mononuclear) cells.	Category: Histopathology of giant cell tumor of bone	Giant cell tumor
Osteosarcoma	Small cell osteosarcoma, like other osteosarcomas has osteoid, the extracellular organic component of bone. On H&E stained sections, osteoid has a pink, homogeneous appearance and surrounds osteoblasts or osteosarcoma cells.	Category: Histopathology of osteosarcoma	Osteosarcoma
Plasmacytoma	Plasma cell showing eccentrically placed round nucleus with cart wheel like chromatin.	Category: Histopathology of plasmacytoma	Plasmacytoma
Osteochondroma	Perichondrium covering the cartilage cap, which merged into the underlying spongiosa.	Category: Histopathology of osteochondroma	osteochondroma
Hashimoto's thyroiditis	Hashimoto's thyroiditis with lymphoid infiltration.	Category: Hashimoto's thyroiditis with lymphoid infiltration	Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Papillary carcinoma thyroid	The phenomenon of orphan Anne eyes in papillary thyroid cancer.	Category: Histopathology of thyroid papillary carcinoma	papillary carcinoma
Nodular colloid goitre	Histopathology of multinodular toxic goiter, showing normal thyroid follicles with calcification but no psammoma bodies in low magnification and no atypia in higher magnification.	Category: Histopathology of goitres	goiter
Glioblastoma	Biopsy specimen of a Glioblastoma showing extensive cell pleomorphism	Category: Histopathology of glioblastoma	glioblastoma
Meningoma	Concentrically calcified basophilic structure in the centre of the field in a meningioma.	Category: Histopathology of meningoma	meningoma
Fibrocystic disease of breast	Intermediate magnification micrograph of fibrocystic change of the breast with apocrine metaplasia.	Category: Histopathology of fibrocystic breast changes	fibrocystic breast
Infiltrative ductal carcinoma	Atypical cells with moderate amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm and round to oval dark nucleus with moderate pleomorphism (Papanicolaou, 400X)	Category: Histopathology of invasive carcinoma of no special type	invasive breast carcinoma
Fibroadenoma	A well circumscribed lesion showing proliferation of intralobular stroma compressing and distorting the epithelium.	Category: Histopathology of breast fibroadenomas	fibroadenoma
Phyllodes tumor	Photomicrograph of a malignant phyllodes tumour. Note stromal cellularity and mitotic figures.	Category: Histopathology of cystosarcoma phyllodes	Phyllodes tumor
Lipoma	Micrograph of a lipoma showing fat cells.	Category: Histopathology of lipomas	Lipoma
Basal cell carcinoma	Surgical excision biopsy specimen showing histopathology of basal cell carcinoma.	Category: Histopathology of basal cell carcinoma	Basal cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma	Malignant spindle cell neoplasm, showing numerous mitotic figures, including atypical tripolar mitotic figure, in the centre.	Category: Histopathology of melanoma	Malignant melanoma
Squamous papilloma	Micrograph showing squamous cell papilloma of the tongue.	Category: Histopathology of squamous cell carcinoma	Squamous papilloma
Renal cell carcinoma	Micrograph of clear cell renal cell carcinoma showing cells with clear cytoplasm, typically arranged in nests and nuclear atypia.	Category: Histopathology of renal cell carcinoma	Renal cell carcinoma
Cresenteric glomerulonephritis	Photomicrograph of the renal biopsy showing prominent fibrocellular crescent formation and moderate mesangial proliferation in a glomerulus.	Category: Histopathology of glomerulonephritis	glomerulonephritis
Transitional cell carcinoma	Histopathology of transitional carcinoma of the urinary bladder.	Category: Histopathology of transitional cell carcinoma	Urothelial carcinoma

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