Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary/Bardocucullus

Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary, and Greek Lexicon (Rich, 1849)

BARDOCUCUL'LUS. A hood or cowl (cucullus), which, if we might judge from the name, was peculiar to the Bardaei, a people of Illyria (compare Capitol. Pertin. 8.); but Mart. (Ep. i. 54., compare Juv. Sat. iii. 145.) attributes it to the Gauls, and in another passage (Ep. xiv. 128.) he clearly indicates that it was an outer garment worn by the common people of that country, and bearing some sort of resemblance to the Roman paenula. Thus it was probably a cloak of coarse materials, with a hood to it, which covered the whole body, like the one worn by the carter in the annexed engraving (Bardocucullus/1.1), which is copied from a sepulchral bas-relief found at Langres, in France. It has sleeves, which the paenula had not; but there is a slit at the side (just near the right foot), the same as in the paenula, only not so long; and it is precisely these resemblances and discrepancies which account for the juxtaposition of the two words in Martial.

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  Bardocucullus/1.1