Geometry/Chapter 5/Lesson 2
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Introduction
[edit | edit source]We will be reviewing proportions, the properties of proportions, and how to solve them.
Proportions
[edit | edit source]A proportion is a statement that states that two ratios are equal.
- EXAMPLE: and are equal, and thus are a proportion: = .
An extended proportion is similar to an extended ration from the last lesson: A statement that states that three or more rations are equal.
- EXAMPLE: = =
All proportions have 4 parts known as the extremes and means. In = , the extremes are and , while the means are and . The Cross-Product Property states that the products of the extremes and means are equal. So:
- • =
- • =
You can use the cross-product property to check if two ratios are a proportion.
Solving with x
[edit | edit source]How do we solve porpotions with or any variable?
Problem #1
[edit | edit source]- Solve the proportion
=
Solving for , you would multiply the extremes ( and ) and the means ( and ):
And simply work out the problem from there:
=
So, alas, the in = is ... So: =