EuroLex/F/Chauvinism
- Original language: French
- Original form and meaning: chauvinisme - 1. chauvinism, jingoism, rah-rah patriotism (meaning: 1. militant devotion to and glorification of one's country; fanatical patriotism; 2. prejudiced belief in the superiority of one's own gender, group, or kind)
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Czech | šovinismus | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | chauvinisme | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | chauvinisme | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| English | chauvinism;
derivatives: noun/adjective: chauvinist, adjective: chauvinistic, adverb: chauvinistically' | political chauvinism: 1870,
sexism: 1970 | 'meaning 1;
and also: sexism (belief in the superiority of men over women)' | '...' | http://www.etymonline.com |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Chauvinismus; and also: Hurrapatriotismus | ... | 'meaning 1; and also: sexism (belief in the superiority of men over women)' | '...' | ... |
| Hungarian | sovinizmus | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | sciovinismo | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Latvian | šovinisms | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | šovinizmas | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | sjåvinisme | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Polish | szowinizm | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Portuguese | chauvinismo | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | šovinizmus | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | šovinizem | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | chauvinismo/chovinismo | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
| Swedish | chauvinism | ... | 'meaning 1' | '...' | ... |
Annotations
[edit | edit source]Etymology: from Nicholas Chauvin, soldier, possibly legendary, of Napoleon's Grand Armee, notoriously attached to the Empire long after it was history. Popularized in France 1831 through Cogniard's vaudeville "La Cocarde Tricolore".
Meaning extended to "sexism" via male chauvinism (1970).
The name is a F form of L Calvinus and thus Calvinism and chauvinism are, etymologically, twins.
Source: http://www.etymonline.com
Information on Other Languages
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