EuroLex/E/Gallon
< EuroLex
- Original language: English (from Old Northern French galon)
- Original form and meaning: 'a unit of volume for liquid measure equal to eight pints: in Britain (also imperial gallon), equivalent to 4.55 litres; in the US, equivalent to 3.79 litres' [source: [1]]
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | galon | beg20c | meaning: 'a measure of capacity used for liquids'; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English, but restricted to technical use | dito | DEA* |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | gallon | beg20c | meaning: 'a measure of capacity used for liquids'; status: restricted to technical use | dito | DEA* |
| English | gallon [galən] | 13c, from Old Nothern French galon, formed on medieval Latin gallēta (perhaps of Celtic origin) | meaning: see above | dito | CODEE** |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | gallona | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| French | gallon [galõ] | 17c | meaning: see above; status: known mainly to bilinguals / technical: not (or no longer) recognized as English | DEA* | |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Gallone | meaning: see above; status: foreignism, used only in British or American contexts / technical: not (or no longer) recognized as English | DEA* | ||
| Hungarian | gallon [gallon] | 19c | meaning: see above; status: restricted technical use / foreignism | DEA* | |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | gallone | end18c | meaning: see above; status: technical: not (or no longer) recognized as English | DEA* | |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | gallon [= Engl. pron.] | mid19c | meaning: see above; status: foreignism (used only in British or American contexts) | DEA* | |
| Polish | galon [galon] | beg19c | meaning: see above; status: foreignism (used only in British or American contexts) | DEA* | |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | galón | end19c | meaning: see above; status: foreignism (used only in British or American contexts) / technical: not (or no longer) recognized as English | DEA* | |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
- Annotations: *DEA = Dictionary of European Anglicisms by Manfred Görlach (2001), Oxford: OUP.; **CODEE = The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology by T.F. Hoad (1986), Oxford: Clarendon.
Information on Other Languages
[edit | edit source]- Icelandic: gallon/gallón [kal:o(u)n], beg20c, foreignism / technical: fully accepted but still marked as English.
- Romanian: galon [ga'lon], end19c, via French, technical: not (or no longer) recognized as English.
- Russian: gallon, beg19c, foreignism.
- Bulgarian: galon, beg20c, foreignism.
- Albanian: gallon, beg20c, technical: not (or no longer) recognized as English.
- Greek: ghaloni, via Italian.,