EuroHiT/Friend
< EuroHiT
Definition of the Concept: Words for 'friend' are most commonly cognate with words for 'love' or 'dear'. Some mean also and more originally 'companion' (Buck).
Catalan
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Croatian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | prijatelj | ... | general | cf. ChSl (late) prijateljĭ, etc., general modern Slavic, fr. prijati 'favor, be well-disposed to' : Goth. frijōn 'love', frijōnds 'friend', etc., and esp. OHG friudil | Buck |
| 2 | drug | ... | 'companion' | cf. drugi 'other': Goth. driugan 'do military service', ga-drauhts 'soldier', ON drōtt, OE dryht, OHG truht 'multitude, people, army', etc. | Buck |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Czech
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | přítel | ... | ... | ... | Buck |
| 2 | drug | ... | 'companion' | Goth. driugan 'do military service', ga-drauhts 'soldier', ON drōtt, OE dryht, OHG truht 'multitude, people, army, etc. | Buck |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Danish
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ven | ... | general | Ir. fine 'clan', Skt. van- 'desire, love, wish, acquire', etc. | Buck |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Dutch
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | vriend | ... | general | ... | Buck |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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English
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | friend | since OE frēond, ME frend | general | orig. pres. pples. of Goth. frijōn, OE frēon 'love' | Buck |
| 2 | OE wine | only OE | only OE | Ir. fine 'clan', Skt. van- 'desire, love, wish, acquire', etc. | Buck |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Estonian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Finnish
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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French
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ami | ... | general | Lat. amīcus | Buck |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Frisian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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German
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | freund | since OHG friunt, MHG vriunt | general | orig. pres. pples. of Goth. frijōn, OE frēon 'love' | Buck |
| 2 | OHG wini, MHG win(e) | only OHG, MHG | only OHG, MHG | Ir. fine 'clan', Skt. van- 'desire, love, wish, acquire', etc. | Buck |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Hungarian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Irish
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | cara | since Ir. care | general | ... | Buck |
| 2 | Ir. fine | only Ir. | 'clan'; only Ir. | ... | Buck |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Italian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | amico | ... | general | Lat. amīcus | Buck |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Ladin
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Latvian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Lithuanian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | draugas | ... | general | Goth. driugan 'do military service', ga-drauhts 'soldier', ON drōtt, OE dryht, OHG truht 'multitude, people, army, etc. | Buck |
| 2 | bičiulis | ... | pop. word for 'bosom-friend' | lit. 'bee-keeper', deriv. of bitė 'bee'; the bee-keepers of a neighborhood are bound together in close friendship and form a kind of 'bee-fraternity' | Buck |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Maltese
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Norwegian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Occitan
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Polish
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | przyjaciel | ... | general | ... | Buck |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Portuguese
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Rumantsch
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Slovak
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Slovenian
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Spanish
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | amigo | ... | general | Lat. amīcus | Buck |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
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Swedish
[edit | edit source]History of Forms
[edit | edit source]| No. | Variants of Lexical Type | Chronological Data | Distribution | Origin | Sources |
| 1 | vän | ... | general | Ir. fine 'clan', Skt. van- 'desire, love, wish, acquire', etc. | Buck |
| 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
Explanations of Changes
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Annotations
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Information on Other Languages
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Related Concepts
[edit | edit source](Cf. also the guidelines for the EuroHiT Project.)