Demography/Overview
Course Outline
[edit | edit source]Nature of Demography
[edit | edit source]- What does a Demographer do?
Demography is a scientific study of the population. Demographers compute indicators that measure population size and structure, the levels of mortality, fertility and migration processes and certain aspects of demographic behavior such as marriages, divorces, cohabitation etc.
- Sources of Demographic Data
Census data, surveys, civil registration, church registers, hospital records, interviews
- An Overview of the Demographic Methodology
Theories of Population Change
[edit | edit source]- Malthusian Theory
- Other theories
- Demographic Transition
- Western Experience
- Experience of the Developing Countries
Population Composition
[edit | edit source]- Sex and Age Structure
- Marital Status
- Family Strucure and Life Cycle
- Household Structure
- Labor Force
Mortality
[edit | edit source]Mortality is the exit process of the populations. Main measure of this process is the coefficient of mortality. It is a number, computed by dividing the number of the people between two exact ages who die in certain time period and the average number of all people between two exact ages in the same time period. From this definition we can conclude that the denominator is always bigger than the nominator, so the coefficient takes values between 0 and 1. It is 0 when nobody dies and 1 if everybody died in this time period. The coefficient is usually represented "per mille" ore "per thousand".
Fertility
[edit | edit source]Nuptiality
[edit | edit source]Migration
[edit | edit source]Urbanization
[edit | edit source]In terms of demography, urbanization means increase of the relative percentage of the people who live in urban area. Hence, it also means a decrease of the share of the rural population.