Leucocytosis
Definition[edit | edit source]
An increase in numbers of circulating leucocytes to greater than 11x 10x9/l
Neutrophilia (>7.5 x10x9/l)[edit | edit source]
Commonest cause of leucocytosis
Often associated with toxic granulation, shift to the left with band forms and occasional metamyelocytes, and Dohle bodies. Seeen in association with the following condition:
1- Acute infection-e.g. abscesses, septicaemia
2- Tissue damage-e.g. myocardial infarction, burns, gangrene, vasculitis
3- Neoplasia
4- Haemorrhage and haemolysis
5- Chronic myeloid leukaemia, chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia, myelofibrosis
6- Metabolic disorders e.g. diabetes, gout, uraemia
7- Drugs-e.g. predenisolone, lithium
8- Strenuous exercise
Eosinophilia[edit | edit source]
Seen in association with:
1- Allergy-e.g. hay fever, athma, urticaria
2- Parasitic infections, especially if there is tissue invasion
3- Skin diseae-e.g. eczema, dermatitis herpetiforms, psoriasis
4- Myeloproliferative disease, e.g. PRV, CML, chronic eosinophilic leukaemia
5- Neoplasia-especially Hodgkin`s disease (5% patients)
6- Miscellaneous-e.g. polyarteritis nodisa, plmonary eosinophilia (parasitic infiltraton; loeffler`s syndrome), sarcoidosis, hypereosinophilic syndrome, post irradiation
Monocytosis[edit | edit source]
Seen in association with the following conditions:
1- Infection-e.g. tuberculosis, brucellosis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, typhus, malaria, kala-azar
2- Inflammatory disorders-e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, Crohn`s disease, ulcerative colitis
3- Neoplasia
4- Haematological malignancy-e.g.CMML, AML-M4 ansd M6
Basophilia[edit | edit source]
Seen in association with:
1-Myxoedema
2- Chickenpox
3- Myeloproliferative disorders, especially PRV oR CML (may herald blastic transformation)
Lymphocytosis[edit | edit source]
Seen in association with:
1- Acute infection-e.g. infectious mononucleosis, rubella, pertussis, mumps, infectious lymphocytosis
2- Chronic infections-e.g. brucellosis, tuberculosis, syphilis, hepatitis
3- Haematological disorders-e.g. chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, hairy cell leukaemia, chronic T-cell lymphocytosis (large granular lymphocytes)
Leukamoid reaction[edit | edit source]
Extremely high leucocyte count (>50x10x9/l) seen in non leukaemic condition, simulating myeloid or lymphatic leukaemia. Seen in association with severe infections, especially in children and splenectomised patients.