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أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن هـ و ي Arabic language consists of 28 letters, used by Arabs and many Muslims all over the world. For Muslims, Arabic is important because it is the language of the Holy Quran. Arabic letters are written from right to left, and each letter can be written in three ways depending on the preceding letter. Here, we are going to explain these one by one!


الهمزة
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Hamza

Hamza / ء

How to write hamza

some of the linguists consider hamza a letter like Sibawayh . it's added to the Arabic Vowels (ا ، و ، ي )

to give the A'/U'/ and I' Sounds we find Hamza at the begining , middle or last of words

'A





EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
'Akala أَكَلَ (ate) أَ
'Umma أُمّة (Nation) أَ
Ya's يأس (Despair) ـأ
Ru'a رؤى (Good Dreams) ؤ
Yunshi' يُنشيء (Creates) يء


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How to write the letter أ
حرف الألف
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Alif








Alif / أ

one of the Arabic vowels . it has the /A/ English sound , written simply by drawing a vertical line from top to bottom

(if it comes at the begining or the middle of the word)

A
Alif at the end

when Alif is the last letter in a word , it's written as : ى

EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Ab أَب (Father) أَ
Um أُم (Mother) أُ
Insan إِنسان (Human) إِ
Huda هدى (guidance) ى

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حرف البـاء
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Ba'


Ba' / ب

How to write Ba'

similar to the English /B/ Sound, written like the pic. bellow

Ba'
how to write Ba' initial or medial.

When Ba' comes at the Beginning (initial) or Middle (medial) of a word.. it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Baqara بَقَرة (Cow) بَـ
Bushra بُشرى (Tidings) بُـ
Bilad بِلاد (Country) بِـ
Kitab كِتاب (Book) ب
Zaboon زَبون (Customer) بـ
حرف التاء
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Ta'


How to write Ta

Ta' / ت


similar to the English /T/ sound .

Ta'












How to write Ta' at begining
When Ta' comes at the beginig of a word , it's written as







when Ta' comes at the end of word it's pronounced and written in two ways :



How to write Ta
1- Ta' Maftoha (open Ta')

written and Pronounced As Normal Ta'







How to write the Ta' at end
2-Ta'Marbotَ a (Strapped Ta')

Pronounced as a very light /h/ english sound, written as shown








EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Tamouz تَموز(July) تَـ
Tufah تُفاح (Apple) تُـ
Timsah تِمساح (Crocodile) تِـ
Bint بِنت (Girl) ت
Burtuqal بُرتُقال (Orange) تُـ
Maktaba مَكتَبة (Library) ــة

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حرف الثاء
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Ta' / ث

Tha'




How to write Tha'
similar to the /Th/ In the word ( Three ), written as shown .




Tha'







How to write Tha' at the beginning and mid.
When Tha' comes at the beginning or Middle Of the word it's written as




EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Thaldj ثَلج(Ice) ثَـ
Thula ثُلة (A Group) ثُـ
Thimar ثِمار (Fruits) ثِـ
i'thnan إثنان (two) ثـ
i'nath إناث (Females) ث

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حرف الجيم
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Djeem' / ج

Jeem





How to write Djeem
Pronounced like the /G/ sound in the word  ( Gym ), written as shown below





Jeem







How to write Djeem at the beginning and mid.
when Djeem comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as



EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Djaras جَرَس(Bell) جَـ
Djomoa جُمُعة (Friday) جُـ
Djibal جِبال(Mountains) جِـ
Dadjadj دَجاج (Chickens) ج

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الحـاء
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Hَ a' / ح

Hَ a'







How to write Ha'

There is no english sound similar to the Hَ a' , It can be pronounced as Pushing the air from the throat with a 'slightly' open mouth the Tongue at the bottom.

Hَ a'











how to write Ha' at beginning or mid
when Hَ a' comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as


EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Habl حَبل(Rope) حَـ
Hulum حُلُم (Dream) حُـ
Hisan حِصان(Horse) حِـ
Sabah صَباح (Morning) ح

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الخـاء
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Kha'


Kha' / خ


how to write Kha

pronounced as Pushing the air from the Pharynx, with a 'slightly' open mouth ,the Tongue at the bottom.

Kha'











how to write Kha' at the beginning or mid
when Kha' comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Khas خَس(Lettuce) خَـ
Khubuz خُبز (Bread) خُـ
Khiyar خِيار(Cucumber) خِـ
Mareekh مَريخ (Mars) خ

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الدال
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Dal / د

how to write Dal

Similar to the /D/ English sound










EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Dam دَم(Blood) دَ
Dub دُب (Bear) دُ
Dif' دِفئ(Warmth) دِ
Yad يَـد (Hand) د

ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الذال
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Dzal / ذ

How to write Dzal

Similar to the /Th/ Sound on the word ( They )










EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Dzahab ذَهَب(Gold) ذَ
Dzobab ذُباب (Flies) ذُ
Dzi'b ذِئب(Wolf) ذِ
Kadzib كَذِب (Lie) ذ

ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـراء
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Ra' / ر

How to write Ra'

Has the /R/ English Sound











EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Raml رَمل(Sand) رَ
Rumman رُمان (Pomegranate) رُ
Riyah رِياح(Winds) رِ
Qamar قَمَر (Moon) ر

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـزاي
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RIGHT

Zai / ز

How to write Zai

Has the /Z/ English Sound

RIGHT










EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Zaman زَمَن (Time) زَ
Zuhour زُهور (Flowers) زُ
Zi'baq زِئبق(Mercury) زِ
Kanz كَنز (Treasure) ز

ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـسين
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Seen / س

How to write Seen

Has the /S/ English Sound











how to write seen at beginning and mid
when seen comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as



EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Salam سَلام (Peace) سَ
Sullam سُلَّم (Ladder) سُ
Sibaq سِباق(Race) سِ
Kursi كُرسي (Chair) س
Shams شَمس (Sun) س

ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـشين
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Sheen / ش

How to write Sheen

Has the /Sh/ Sound on the word ( She )













how to write sheen at beginning or Mid
when sheen comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as


EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Shadjara شَجَرَة (Tree) شَ
Shukran شُكرا (Thanx) شُ
Shita' شِتاء(Winter) شِ
Mustashfa مُستَشفى (Hospital) شـ

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـصاد
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Saad / ص




How to write Saad
The same of pronouncing the seen letter with Making lower teeth behind the upper teeth

Has the /S/ Sound on the word ( Sun ),










how to write Saad at beginning and Mid
when Saad comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Sabr صَبر(Patience) صَ
Sundooq صُندوق (Box) صُ
Siyam صِيام(Fasting) صِ
Nasr نَصر (Victory) ص
Fahs فَحص (Check) ص

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـضاد
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Dhad




Dَhad / ض

how to write Dhad
Pushing The air out of the mouth,Tongue is touching the back of the front teeth






Dhad






How to write Dhad at the beginning and mid
when Dhad comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Dَhaw' ضَوء(Light) ضَ
Dَhur ضُر (Harm) ضُ
Dَhid ضِد(Versus) ضِ
Bidَh' بِضع(Some) ض
A'rdh أرض(Earth) ض

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـطاء
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Tَ a'



Tَ a'/ ط

how to write Tَ a'
Same of pronouncing the /T/ sound but Tongue is touching the back of the front teeth,Looks like a strong /T/



Tَ a'




EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Tَ alab طَلَب(Request) طَ
Tَ urfa طُرفة (Witticism) طُ
Tَ ifl طِفل(Child) طِ
QuTَ n قُطن(Cotton) ط

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـظاء
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Dha'


Dَ a'/ ظ

How to write Dَ ha'
Pushing the air out of Mouth ,Tongue is between upper and lower teeth(outside the mouth little bit)



Dha'

EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Dَ alam ظَلام(Darkness) ظَ
Dَ ulm ظُلم (Injustice) ظُ
Dَ il ظِل(Shadow) ظِ
LahDَ a لحظة(Moment) ظ


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حرف الـعين
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Aَ yn/ ع

how to write Ayn
like a very heavy /A/ .. pronounced as the /A/ Sound but with Pushing the air from the Throat , Tongue at the bottom.










how to write Ayn at the beginning
when Aَ yn  comes at the beginning of the word it's written as






how to write Ayn at mid
when Aَ yn letter comes at the middle of the word it's written as


EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Aَ sal عَسَل(Honey) عَـ
Aَ umr عُمر (Age) عُـ
Aَ imad il عِماد(Mainstay) عِـ
Aَ iraq العِراق(Iraq) ــعــ
Ma Aَ مَعَ (With) ع

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حرف الـغين
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Ghayn/ غ

how to write Ghayn
pronounced as the /gh/ Sound









how to write Ghayn at the beginning
when it comes at the beginning of the word it's written as






hoe to write Ghayn at mid
when ghayn letter comes at the middle of the word it's written as


EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Ghayma غَيمة (Cloud) غَـ
Ghubar غُبار (Dust) غُـ
Ghilaf il غِلاف(Casing) غِـ
Baghdad بغداد(Baghdad) ــغــ
Faragh فراغ (vacuity) غ

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حرف الـفاء
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Fa'


Fa'/ ف

how to write fa'
pronounced as the /F/ Sound






Fa'




How to write fa' at beginning
when Fa' Comes at the beginning of a word, it's written as






EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Fath فَتح (Unseal) فَـ
Funduq فُندُق (Hotel) فُـ
Filastin فِلِسطين(Palestine) فِـ
Raf رَف(Rack) ف

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حرف القاف
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Qaf




Qaf/ ق

how to write Qaf
pronounced as a heavy /Q/ sound






Qaf






how to write Qaf at the beginning
When Qaf comes at the beginning of a word, it's written as











EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Qamar قَمَر (Moon) قَـ
Qul قُل (Say) قُـ
Qitَ ar قِطار(Train) قِـ
Souq سوق(Market) ق

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حرف الكاف
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Kaf




Kaf/ ك

How to write Kaf at end
Same as the /K/ english sound



Kaf






how to write Kaf at the beginning
when Kaf comes at the begin  of a word , it's written as









how to write kaf at mid
when Kaf comes at the  middle of a word , it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Kalima كَلِمة (Word) كَـ
Kul كُل (All) كُـ
Kitab كِتاب(Book) كِـ
Fikr فِكر(Thought) ـكـ
Samak سَمَك(Fish) ك

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حرف اللام
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Lam




Lam/ ل

how to write lam
Same as the /L/ english sound







Lam






how to write Lam atthe beginning or mid
when Lam comes at the begin or Middle of a word , it's written as


EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Lawn لَون (Color) لَـ
Laban لَبَن (Yogurt) لـ
Layl لَيل(Night) ل
Malak مَلَك(Angle) لـ

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حرف الميم
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Meem






Meem/ م

how to write Meem
Same as the /M/ english sound




Meem






how to write Meem at the beginning
When Meem comes at the beginning of a word, it's written as


EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Malik مَلِك (King) مَـ
Muhammad مُحمد(Muhammad) مُـ
Miftah مِفتاح(Key) مِـ
Aَ mal عَمَل(Work) ـمـ
Kalam كَلام (Speach) م

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حرف النون
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Noon



Noun/ ن

how to write Noun
Same as the /N/ english sound




Noon





how to write Noon at the beginning
When Noon comes at the beginning of a word , it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Nasr نَسر (Eagle) نَـ
Nafitha نافِذة(Window) نـ
Nihaya نِهاية(End) نِـ
Lisan لِسان(Tongue) ن

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حرف الهاء
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Ha'



Ha'/ هـ

how to write Ha'
Same as the /H/ english sound






Ha'




when Ha' Comes at the end of a word 

it's written in two ways depending on the preceding letter
Ha' at the end
1- for [Alif,Dal,Thal, Ra', Zai, Waw]

Ha' written as






ha at the end
2-for the other letters it's written as




EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Haram هَرَم (Pyramid) هَـ
Hudjoom هُجوم(Attack) هُـ
Hilal هِلال(Crescent) هِـ
Nahr نَهر(River) هـ
Lah لًه(For him) ـه
Ra'ah رآه(Saw him) ه
حرف الواو
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waw


Waw / و

How to write waw
Same as the /W/ english sound



waw




EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Wafa' وَفاء (trustfulness) وَ
Taqwa تقوى(Piety) و
Wilada وِلادة(Birth) و
حرف الياء
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Ya'



Ya' / ي

how to write Ya'
Same as the /Y/ english sound





Ya'








How to write Ya' at the beginning
When Ya' comes at the beginning of a word , it's written as


EXAMPLES

Listen Pronunciation Arabic word Letter
Yameen يَمين (Right) يـ
Yasmeen ياسمين(jasmin) يـ
Nafees نَفيس(precious) يـ
Nafe نَفي(Negative) ي
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