Power Generation-gasturbine Power

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Lesson Introduction

Review: Lesson 5

The previous Lesson was about Nuclear Power station. The student/User is expected to remember the following from the lesson 5.

  • Basics:
  • Arrangements:
  • Advantages & Disadvantages:

Definition
components that make up a Nuclear power station.
How this station measures up


Preview: Lesson 6

This Lesson is about Gas turbine Power station. The student/User is expected to understand the following at the end of the lesson.

  • Basics:
  • Arrangements:
  • Advantages & Disadvantages:

Definition
components that make up a Nuclear power station.
How this station measures up


Course Navigation
Part 1: Gas turbine Power station → Basics


Figure 1:GE H series power generation gas turbine. This 480-megawatt unit has a rated thermal efficiency of 60% in combined cycle configurations.( Click on image to view full size image )

Introduction: Gas Turbine Power station

A Gas-turbine power station uses gas turbins as prime mover for generating electrical energy.

This power station is generally used in conjunction with Steam Power station. This kind of power station can be used to produce limited amounts of electrical energy. In most countries these power stations are used as peaking power stations.

Operation

This power station is runwith natural gas as fuel. The turbines draw in air at the front of the unit and then compress; mix with fuel and ignite the mixture at high pressure. The hot gas released expands through the turbine blades connected to the turbine shaft. The shaft turns thus developing mechanical energy which is converted into electrical energy by the generator.


Industrial Gas Turbines for Electrical Generation

As noted earlier this type of power station is usually used in conjunction with Steam Power station, in a combined cycle configuration or cogeneration configuration. Both method are usefull in increasing the overall Generating efficiency of the generating plant.


Future generations will want to depend more on this type of electricity generating power station (and other renewabke energy sources), due to low green house emmissions.

Part 2: Gas turbine Power station → Schematic arrangement
Figure 2:A diagram of IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) power plant ( Click on image to view full size image )
Gas turbine in a Combined cycle:

Because Gas turbine stations are expensive to operate on their own, they are usually constructed in a Combined cycle configuration together with Steam Power station.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram to illustrate the Combined cycle configuration. Notice that the overall efficiency of this Combined cycle configuration station has a much better efficiency compared to a Steam Power station with ≈ 30% efficiency.


Pros & Cons: what a Gas turbine power station presents

Advantages Disadvantages
It is simple to design & construct compared to a Steam Power station, since no boilers are required. Problem of starting. Compressor needs to be operating thus external source of power is necessary.
Much smaller compared to Steam Power station of same capacity Net output is low since greater power is used to drive compressor.
Lower operating costs Overall efficiency of plant is low ≈ 20% because of exhaust gases still containing heat. only efficient in a Combined cycle configuration
Less water used since there is no need for a condenser Temperature of combustion chamber is too high thus resulting in a lower life.
Maintenance charges are low .
Can be started quickly .
No stand-by losses .


This schematic diagram must be properly understood. it is the basis upon which Typical Gas turbine power station designs are done. the individual power station complexity my differ slightly to the schematic and yet over and above that will use the same principle.


Part 3: Example
Part 5: Refferences & Exercise 6

Refferences:

  1. This resource is prepared from Lecture notes by Thuvack.
  2. V.K Mehta & Rohit Mehta :- Principles of Power systems (1st ed.). S.CHAND .ISBN 81-219-2496-0

Execise 6:

Part 4: Example continued
Part 6: Completion list

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