Let K {\displaystyle {}K} be a field, and let V {\displaystyle {}V} denote a K {\displaystyle {}K} -vector space. Let v 1 , … , v n {\displaystyle {}v_{1},\ldots ,v_{n}} and w 1 , … , w n {\displaystyle {}w_{1},\ldots ,w_{n}} be vectors in V {\displaystyle {}V} , fulfilling the relation
where M {\displaystyle {}M} is an n × n {\displaystyle {}n\times n} -matrix.