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School talk:Mathematics/Philosophy of Mathematics

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Top Structure

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Suggestion for Top-level structure:

Basis: Proof

Supplying Mathematics

  • I Understanding Maths (Meta Maths)
    • Questioning Job (Axioms)
    • Questioning Scientific Program (Sentence)
    • Questioning World (Theory)
    • Questioning Universe (Formal System)
    • Questioning Maths?
  • II Doing Maths ( Processor .... 'Homo Mathematicus' .... Scientific Community )
    • Sign Processing / QA
    • Clarity (Who can understand it)
    • Scientific Community (Altruism)
    • 'Homo Scientificus'-based Model (Interaction amongst them)
    • Multi Community Model (Maths + others)

Applying Mathematics

  • III Understanding Application (Application to the real world (and beyond ?))
    • What is the real world like?
    • What Theory to choose on the Maths side?
    • How to apply the Theory chosen?
    • How 'good' can this approach be ( compared to others )
  • IV Doing Application ( The Process )
    • Elements
      • Players ( Processor ... 'Homo Mathematicus'... Opportunist )
      • Interactions ( stand alone ... virtual ... restricted )
      • Areas ( Science, Engineering, ... )
    • Models
      • Stand alone Models
      • Virtual (unrestricted) Communities
      • Restricted Communities
        • Restrictions in the real World
        • Models of Communities

Collection of detailed topics

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Conversely - from a bottom-up view - the following terms and names should be contained in the above (distributed all over the course):

On Structuring

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Questions:

  • How to write it down?
    • What formal concepts of Proof do exist?
    • How can I be sure that my Proof is correct?
      • Efficiency: how can I check it practically
      • Effectiveness: what can i be sure of/ how sure can I be - at all?
      • There are several ways to proof it - which one is the best?
        • Two Proofs are said to be equal iff ... (theoretical & practical answer)
        • How can I structure my Proof? (Lemmata, Corollaries & co.)
        • Are there Proof-Quality-Metrics?

The 'bright' blackbox view: Mathematician also 'generates' understanding during his work.

Questions:

  • Is the Proof my only result? What to do with the understanding of the Theory I have developed during my work? How can I transfer this?
    • Why should I transfer it? Is this still science?
    • What to transfer?
    • For whom to transfer?
    • How to transfer?
    • Does this have an effect on the above questions?
      • Shell I seperate e.g. the question for the best way to prove sth from the transfer questions?
      • Does understanding help me with assuring the correctness?
      • Is there a notion of a formal/understandable Proof? (In practice it is, but is this just laziness or better than pure formal approaches?)

Enhanced input view: Mathematician uses already existing work as input.

Questions:

  • What existing Theorems may I use?
    • The proved ones, but who decides this?
      • Have I to check all their proofs myself?
      • If not, who can I rely on - the scientific 'community'?

Introducing Definitions (belongs to bright blackbox view?)

Questions:

  • What Definitions to introduce?
    • What is a Definition?
      • How is it defined?
      • How can I write Definitions down easily?
    • What is it good for?
      • For formality?
      • For understanding?
    • How to decide on 'define or not define'?
      • What to define always?
      • What to define never?
      • Are there good/bad examples?

More Questions:

  • What are the properties of the Theory? (sound, complete, ...) e.g. can I find a Proof at all?
  • Is the underlying Logic (concept of Proof) the right one?

...

Questions concerning the scientific program:

  • What Theorems to approach? (esp. does it make sense to prove this Theorem at all?)
  • What is the role of this Theory amongst all other Theories?

...