Motivation and emotion/Book/2026/Phubbing and emotion

Phubbing and emotion:
What are the emotional causes and consequences of phubbing?

Edit above to match the wording (and casing) in the 2026 list of topics.
Seek approval for any changes.
Do not include your name (authorship is as per the page's history).

Overview

Figure 1. Use a captioned image to illustrate the scenario Imagine this ... or Scenario ... or Case study or ... ?) Start with an engaging scenario, example, or case study which illustrates the problem and engages reader interest. Present the scenario in a feature box. To change the box colour: Edit source Change "theme=3" to another number Include an image and cite it (e.g., see Figure 1).

The Overview section should provide:

1. Scenario: A short, engaging case study or real-world example in a feature box, with an accompanying image (see above)
2. Explanation of the problem, issue, or topc: Briefly explain the problem, why it is important, and outline how psychological science can help
3. Focus questions: Unpack the sub-title into focus questions in a feature box

Recommended length: 180 to 330 words.

This template provides key headings, examples, and tips for each section. Gradually remove this generic information as the chapter develops. It is OK to retain some template material for the topic development, but it should all be removed from the book chapter.

Key resources:

• Tutorial 2 explains how to edit
• Topic development guidelines
• Book chapter guidelines

Focus questions Break the sub-title down into three to five focus questions. Align the top-level headings with these focus questions. What is the first focus question? What is the second focus question? What is the third focus question? Ask open-ended questions. For example: N Is there a relationship between weather and criminal behaviour? (closed-ended) Y What is the relationship between weather and criminal behaviour? (open-ended)

Headings

Use this heading structure:

• Overview
• 3 to 6 major headings tailored to the topic; can have sub-headings:
  • avoid sections with only one sub-heading (use 0 or 2+ sub-headings)
  • provide an introductory paragraph before breaking into sub-sections
• Conclusion
• See also
• References
• External links

Key points

• For the topic development, provide at least three bullet-points for each heading and sub-heading, including the Overview and Conclusion
• Include key citations

Figures

Figure 2. Example of an image with a descriptive caption.

• For the book chapter, use several figures to illustrate concepts, add interest, and to serve as examples
• For the topic development, use at least one figure (even if not ideal) to show that you know how to embed, caption, and cite a figure
• Figures can show any kind of media such as photos, diagrams, graphs, video, audio, and so on
• Embed figures throughout the chapter, starting with the scenario in the Overview section
• Provide descriptive figure captions (use Figure # and explain the relevance of the image to the text)
• Images must be embedded from Wikimedia Commons
• Images can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons if they are openly licensed
• Cite each figure at least once in the main text (e.g., see Figure 2)

Learning features

Learning features help to bring book chapters to life and can be embedded throughout the chapter. Here are some options:

Scenarios

• Scenarios, case studies, or examples that illustrate concepts in action
• Present using feature boxes; can be split into multiple boxes throughout a chapter (e.g., to illustrate different theories or stages)
• Can be real or fictional; if real, provide citation(s)

Feature boxes

• Highlight key content using feature boxes, but don't overuse, otherwise they lose their effect
• Consider using feature boxes for:
  • Scenarios, case studies, or examples
  • Focus questions
  • Tips
  • Quiz questions
  • Take-home messages

Embedded links

• When key words are introduced, use interwiki links to:
  • Wikipedia articles (e.g., "An early psychological view dreams) of dreams was provided by Sigmund Freud") or
  • Related book chapters (e.g., "If you're feeling stuck, check out the chapter about writer's block")

Tables

• Use tables to organise and summarise information
• Cite each table at least once in the main text (e.g., see Table 1)
• Tables should be captioned
• More example tables which can be adapted

Table 1

A Descriptive Caption Explains The Table Contents and its Relevance to the Text e.g.,

The 2 x 2 Johari Window Model Showing the Relationship Between Known/Unknown and Self/Other

	Known to self	Not known to self
Known to others	Open area	Blind spot
Not known to others	Hidden area	Unknown

Quizzes

• One or two quiz questions for each main section is better than a long quiz at the end
• Quiz conceptual understanding, rather than trivia. Ask about important information such as the take-home messages
• Ask easy rather than hard questions
• Different types of quiz questions are possible; see Quiz

Example simple quiz questions. Choose your answers and click "Submit":

1

The purpose of quizzes is to provide an interactive learning feature:

	True
	False

2

Long and complex quiz questions are recommended:

	True
	False

Conclusion

• Arguably the most important section
• Provide at least three bullet-points for this section even at the topic development stage, based on preliminary thinking
• For the book chapter, develop clear take-home message(s) that address the focus questions based on psychological theory and research
• Together, the Overview and Conclusion should summarise the problem, its significance, and how psychological science contributes to understanding and addressing this problem
• Recommended length: 150 to 330 words

Suggestions for this section: What is the answer to the sub-title question based on psychological theory and research? What are the answers to the focus questions? What are the practical, take-home messages?

See also

Internal (wiki) links to the most relevant Wikiversity pages (esp. related motivation and emotion book chapters) and Wikipedia articles. Use sentence casing and alphabetical order. For example:

• Collaborative authoring using wiki (Wikiversity)
• Light triad (Book chapter, 2021)
• Self determination theory (Wikipedia)

Suggestions for this section: Link to the most relevant internal resources about the topic Include the source in parentheses

References

Provide the references for all citations in APA style (7th ed.) or wiki style. Alternatively, you can use wiki style (as used on Wikipedia), as long as the information is complete and the formatting is consistent.

APA style example:

Rosenberg, B. D., & Siegel, J. T. (2018). A 50-year review of psychological reactance theory: Do not read this article. Motivation Science, 4(4), 281–300. https://doi.org/10.1037/mot0000091

Sacks, O. (1985). The man who mistook his wife for a hat and other clinical tales. Harper & Row.

Suggestions for this section: Important aspects of APA referencing style Author surname, followed by a comma, then the author initials separated by full stops and spaces Year of publication in parentheses Title of work in lower case (except first letter and proper names), ending in a full-stop Journal title in italics, volume number in italics, issue number in parentheses, first and last page numbers separated by an en-dash(–), followed by a full-stop doi as a URL which is a working hyperlink (i.e., clickable) Hanging indent: Wrap the set of references in the hanging indent template: Use "Edit source" {{Hanging indent|1= the full list of references}} The most common mistakes include: Incorrect capitalisation Incorrect italicisation dois which aren't clickable as working hyperlinks Citing sources that haven't been consulted

External links

External links to highly relevant resources such as podcasts and videos, news articles, and professional sites. Use sentence casing and alphabetical order. For example:

• Six top tips for writing a great essay (University of Melbourne)
• The importance of structure (skillsyouneed.com)

Suggestions for this section: Link to the most relevant external resources about the topic Include the source in parentheses after the link