Let G {\displaystyle {}G} be a group, and let N ⊆ G {\displaystyle {}N\subseteq G} be a normal subgroup with residue class group Q = G / N {\displaystyle {}Q=G/N} . Let H ⊆ G {\displaystyle {}H\subseteq G} be another normal subgroup in G {\displaystyle {}G} with N ⊆ H {\displaystyle {}N\subseteq H} .
image H ¯ {\displaystyle {}{\overline {H}}} of H {\displaystyle {}H} in Q {\displaystyle {}Q} is a normal subgroup, and we have a canonical isomorphism