Fundamental Physics/Electromagnetism/Electric charge

Electric charge

Electric charge	Charge process	Charge quantity	Electric field	Magnetic field
Negative charge	O + e -> -	- Q	-->E<--	B ↓
Positive charge	O - e -> +	+ Q	<--E-->	B ↑

Electric charge interaction

Coulomb law

Like charges repel, different charges attract . Negative charge attracts positive charge . The force of attraction negative charge attracts positive charge is called Electrostatic force can be calculated by Coulomb law as follow

$F_{Q}=K{\frac {Q_{+}Q_{-}}{r^{2}}}$

Ampere law

The force that sets electric charge in motion from stationary state is called Electromotive force can be calculated by Ampere law as follow

$F_{Q}=QE$

Lorentz law

When electric charge interacts with magnetic field of a magnet, the magnetic force of the magnet will make electric charge to move perpendicular to the initial moving direction . The positive charge will move up, the negative charge will move down . The force of magnetic field that sets electric charge to move perpendicular to the intial moving direction is called Electromagnetomotive force can be calculated as follow

$F_{B}=\pm QvB$

The sum of 2 forces Electromotive force and Electromagnetomotive force creates Electromagnetic force

$F_{EB}=F_{E}+F_{B}=QE\pm QvB=Q(E\pm vB)$

Electric charge interaction force

Electrostatic force	$F_{q}=K{\frac {q_{+}q_{-}}{d^{2}}}$
Electromotive force	$F_{E}=qE$
Electromagnetomotive force	$F_{B}=\pm qvB$
Electromagnetic force	$F_{EB}=F_{E}+F_{B}=qE\pm qvB=q(E\pm B)$

Application

The force of attraction of 2 different charges

$F=K{\frac {Q_{-}Q_{+}}{r^{2}}}=K{\frac {Q^{2}}{r^{2}}}$ . $Q_{-}=Q+$

The electric field of the charge in motion

$E={\frac {F}{Q}}={\frac {Q}{r^{2}}}$

The potential of the electric field

$V=\int Edr={\frac {Q}{r}}$