Fundamental Physics/Electromagnetic force

Electricity charge

Electric charge is refered to matter that carries electricity . In natural state, all matter is neutral in charge . When matter gives or receives electron (negatively charged particle) , matter becomes electric charge . Static Electricity the process matter acquires charged particle (electron) to become electric charge . Matter receives electron will become negative electric charge . Matter gives electron will become positive electric charge

Matter + e^- -- > Negative Charge (-)

Matter - e^- -- > Positive Charge (+)

Electric charge properties

Charge Quantity

Electric charge has a symbol Q measured in Coulomb unit C . One coulomb charge contains N_-m

$1C=$

Positive electric charge has symbol +Q carries +1C . Negative electric charge has symbol +Q carries +1C

Electric Field

All charge process electric field lines point inward or outward surround charge . For negative charge, the electric field lines point inward . For positive charge, the electric field lines point outward.

Negative Charge

Positive Charge

Magnetic Field

All charge process circular magnetic field lines point inward or outward surround charge . For negative charge, the electric field lines point inward . For positive charge, the electric field lines point outward.

Negative Charge . B ↑

Positive Charge . B ↓

Electric charge interaction

Electric charges interaction

Coulomb discovered that charges of the same polaities will repulse . Charges of different polarities will attract . Negative charge will attract positive charge . The force of attraction is called Electrostatic force or Coulomb force . Electrostatic force has a symbol F_Q measured in unit Newton N

Electrostatic force or Coulomb force is used in calculating the force of negative charge attracts positive charge

$F_{Q}={\frac {|Q_{+}||Q_{-}|}{r^{2}}}$

Electric charge and electricity interaction

Ampere discovered that, electricity exerts a force to force electric charge to move in a linear path will create a field of electric lines called Electric field . This force is called Electrodynamic force or Ampere force which has a symbol F_E measured in unit Newton N

$F_{E}=QE$

Electric charge and magnet interaction

Lorentz discovered that when electric charge travels through a magnet, magnet exerts a force to deflect

$F_{B}=\pm QvB$

Electric charge interactions force

• Electrostatic force or Coulomb force is used in calculating the force of negative charge to attract positive charge

$F_{Q}={\frac {|Q_{+}||Q_{-}|}{r^{2}}}$

• Electrodynamic force or Ampere force is used in calculating the force of electricity to make electric charge to move in a straight line path

$F_{E}=QE$

• Electromagnetomotive force or Lorentz force is used in calculating the force of magnet to make electric charge to move in a straight line perpendicular to the original path

$F_{B}=\pm QvB$

• Electromagnetic force is the sum of the 2 electrodynamic and electromagnetomotive force

$F_{EB}=F_{E}+F_{B}=QE\pm QvB=Q(E\pm vB)$