Engineering thermodynamics/Quizzes/Turbine and compressor problems

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Adiabatic steam turbine problem

An adiabatic steam turbine operates at inlet condition of 120 bars, 480°C, with an inlet velocity of 100 m/s and flows through an area of 100 cm². At the exit of the turbine, the quality of the steam is 0.9, the pressure is 1 Bar and the velocity is 50 m/s.

Calculate:

1. Change in kinetic energy
2. The mass flow rate
3. Power output
4. Exit area in m²

Helium compressor

A compressor compresses helium from 90 kPa and 300 K to 750 kPa and 500 K. A heat loss of 17.5 kJ/kg occurs during the compression process. If kinetic energy changes are negligible, determine the work input required for a mass flow rate of 50 kg/min.

Steam turbine

Steam flows through a turbine, with an inlet mass flow rate of 26 kg/s and a negligible velocity at 7 MPa and 660°C. The steam leaves the turbine at 0.5 MPa and 200°C with a velocity of 200 m/s. The rate of work done by the steam in the turbine is measured to be 20 MW. Determine the rate of heat transfer associated with this process.

R-134a compressor

An adiabatic compressor compresses R-134a from an initial, saturated vapor state at -24°C and exits the compressor at 0.8 MPa and 60°C. The mass flow rate of the fluid is 1.2 kg/s. Calculate the power input required by compressor and the volume flow rate of the refrigerant at the compressor inlet.

Nozzle problem

Steam enters an adiabatic nozzle at 3 MPa and 400 °C with a velocity of 60 m/s. The inlet area is 80 cm². At the exit, the pressure is 200 kPa and the steam enthalpy is 2706 kJ/kg. The exit velocity is unknown. The mass flow rate through the nozzle is 2.5 kg/s. Calculate the:

1. exit velocity;
2. inlet specific volume;
3. inlet density and
4. exit area in m².

Engineering thermodynamics/Quizzes/Turbine and compressor problems/Solutions