User:Marshallsumter/Dominant group/Language
Both language and linguistics can be subject to the "dominant group".
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Genera differentia [edit]
The term "dominant group" appears to be used to identify entities of importance. The genera differentia for possible definitions of "dominant group" fall into the following set of orderable pairs:
| Synonym for "dominant" | Category Number | Category Title | Synonym for "group" | Category Number | Catgeory Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| “superior” | 36 | SUPERIORITY | "arrangement" | 60 | ARRANGEMENT |
| “influential” | 171 | INFLUENCE | "class" | 61 | CLASSIFICATION |
| “musical note” | 462 | HARMONICS | "assembly" | 74 | ASSEMBLAGE |
| “most important” | 670 | IMPORTANCE | "size" | 194 | SIZE |
| “governing” | 739 | GOVERNMENT | "painting", "grouping" | 572 | ART |
| "master" | 747 | MASTER | "association", "set" | 786 | ASSOCIATION |
| ----- | --- | ------- | "sect" | 1018 | RELIGIONS, CULTS, SECTS |
'Orderable' means that any synonym from within the first category can be ordered with any synonym from the second category to form an alternate term for "dominant group"; for example, "superior class", "influential sect", "master assembly", "most important group", and "dominant painting". "Dominant" falls into category 171. "Group" is in category 61. Further, any word which has its most or much more common usage within these categories may also form an alternate term, such as "ruling group", where "ruling" has its most common usage in category 739, or "dominant party", where "party" is in category 74.
Language [edit]
“When intelligibility is non-reciprocal, the language or dialect spoken by the culturally dominant group, or the language or dialect with the greater functional value, seems to be the preferred medium for interlingual communication.”[2]
"Such a relationship may just as well result in the adoption of the dominant group's language as a lingua franca without significant pidginisation."[3]
"In some cases, only the language of the dominant group may be found on outside public signs, whereas the weaker language may coexist with the dominant language on signs inside state and private buildings."[4]
“In addition, most inhabitants are Afrikaans-speaking (70%), with the so-called coloureds (almost 52%) as the dominant group.”[5]
Linguistics [edit]
"I first argue that the cultural dichotomy promoted in the applied linguistics literature is constructed by discourse that reflects and creates particular power relations in which the dominant group defines the subordinate group as the exotic Other."[6]
"Given that it is the dominant language group that can most effectively control the state apparatus regulating the language of public signs, one can consider the relative position of competing languages in the linguistic landscape as a measure of how the dominant group treats the linguistic minorities inhabiting the given territory"[4].
"They also do it by forcibly moving children from one group (indigenous or minority) to another group (the dominant group) through linguistic and cultural forced assimilation in schools."[7] "Through glorification, the non-material resources of the dominant groups, including the dominant languages and cultures, and maybe specifically English, are presented as better adapted to meet the needs of 'modern', technologically developed, democratic post-industrial information-driven societies - and this is what a substantial part of ESL (English as a Second Language) ideology is about."[7]
"A reliability test with another study (Jakobsen 1996a, 1996b) produced correlations from 0.78 (the size of the linguistic dominant group) to 0.95 (the size of the religious dominant group)."[8]
"Early in Linguistic Imperialism Phillipson makes the distinction between core English-speaking countries, in which the dominant group consists of distinction native speakers of English. e.g.. Britain and the USA (Kachru’s ‘inner’ circle) and periphery-English countries."[9]
"But surely we can remark that in spite of dominant group control and manipulations, subordinate group members do make themselves aware of powerful moments in their own history."[10]
"Monosyllabic or disyllabic verbs with the accent on the first syllable are the dominant group, and those are usually Germanic (Anglo-Saxon or Norse) elements (Bolinger 1971:175; Fraser 1976:13f: Live 1965:430)."[11]
Other languages [edit]
| Relative synonym in English | Basque | Czech | Deutsch | Finnish | French | Greek | Hungarian | Latin | Norwegian | Swahili | Turkish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dominant group | dominante talde | dominantní skupina | dominante Gruppe | hallitseva ryhmä | groupe dominant | κυρίαρχη ομάδα (curiarchi omada) | domináns csoport | dominans group | dominerende gruppe | kundi kubwa | baskın grubu |
| dominant grouping | dominante taldekatze | dominantní skupiny | dominante Gruppierung | hallitseva ryhmittymä | regroupant dominante | κυρίαρχη ομάδα | domináns csoport | dominans faucibus | dominerende gruppering | kundi kubwa | baskın gruplama |
| dominant painting | dominante pintura | dominantní obraz | dominant Malerei | määräävässä maalaus | peinture à dominante | κυρίαρχη ζωγραφική | domináns festészeti | pictura dominatur | dominerende maleri | kubwa uchoraji | baskın boyama |
| dominant party | |||||||||||
| dominant religion | menderatzailearen erlijio | dominantní náboženství | dominierende Religion | hallitseva uskonto | religion dominante | κυρίαρχη θρησκεία | domináns vallás | dominans religio | dominerende religion | kubwa dini | egemen din |
| dominant sect | |||||||||||
| dominant species | dominante espezie | dominantním druhem | dominanten Arten | valtalajina | espèce dominante | κυρίαρχο είδος | domináns fajok | species dominante | dominerende arter | kubwa aina | baskın türler |
| influential group | |||||||||||
| influential grouping | |||||||||||
| influential painting | |||||||||||
| influential party | |||||||||||
| influential religion | |||||||||||
| influential sect | |||||||||||
| influential species | |||||||||||
| master assembly | |||||||||||
| most important group | |||||||||||
| ruling group | |||||||||||
| superior arrangement | |||||||||||
| superior assembly | |||||||||||
| superior association | |||||||||||
| superior class | |||||||||||
| superior group | |||||||||||
| superior painting | |||||||||||
| superior set | |||||||||||
| superior size | |||||||||||
Wikibooks [edit]
"Most of the vocabulary of Hawaiian Pidgin is derived from English, the language of the dominant group.", from Cultural Anthropology/Communication and Language.
Wikipedia [edit]
"Most often, the vocabulary comes from the dominant group and the grammar from the subordinate group, where such stratification exists." from the Wikipedia article Creole language.
"The schwa vowel /ə/ does not alternate but may trigger harmony as if it belonged to the dominant group." from the Wikipedia article Chukchi language.
"Later writers followed Speke in arguing that they had originally migrated as pastoralists and had established themselves as the dominant group, having lost their language as they assimilated to Bantu culture.[12]" from the Wikipedia article Hamitic.
"Each group must learn to speak the language of the dominant group yet may also derive social benefits from retaining the original dialect when interacting with fellow group members." from the Wikipedia article Newfoundland English.
"Two dominant groups spoke the PEA-A R-Dialect, i.e., the Munsee-dominant Wappinger (or Wampano), and the Quinnipiac-dominant Quiripi (sometimes spelled Quiripey)." from the Wikipedia article Quiripi language until the revision of October 24, 2011.
"The reasons for this pattern of L1 attrition probably lie in a situation where the persecuted minority had the same L1 as the dominant majority, and the L1 thus became associated with elements of identity of that dominant group." from the Wikipedia article Language attrition.
See also [edit]
References [edit]
- ↑ Peter Mark Roget (1969). Lester V. Berrey and Gorton Carruth. ed. Roget's International Thesaurus, third edition. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company. pp. 1258.
- ↑ Hans Wolff (March 1959). "Intelligibility and inter-ethnic attitudes". Anthropological linguistics 1 (3): 34-41. Retrieved on 2011-07-26.
- ↑ Patrick McConvell (1990). "The linguistic prehistory of Australia: Opportunity for dialogue with archaeology". Australian Archaeology (31): 3-27. Retrieved on 2011-08-27.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Rodrigue Landry and Richard Y. Bourhis (March 1997). "Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality". Journal of Language and Social Psychology 16 (1): 23-49. doi:10.1177/0261927X970161002. Retrieved on 2011-10-15.
- ↑ Pieter Coetzer; Leo Barnard (2008). "The struggle for democracy in the Northern Cape during the eighties". Journal for Contemporary History 33 (1): 17-32.
- ↑ Ryuko Kubota (Spring 1999). "Japanese culture constructed by discourses: Implications for applied linguistics research and ELT". Tesol Quarterly 33 (1): 9-35. Retrieved on 2011-10-15.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Tove Skutnabb-Kangas (January 2000). Linguistic genocide in education, or worldwide diversity and human rights?. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. pp. 818. ISBN 0-8058-3467-2.
- ↑ Tanja Ellingsen (April 2000). "Colorful Community or Ethnic Witches' Brew? Multiethnicity and Domestic Conflict during and after the Cold War". Journal of Conflict Resolution 44 (2): 228-49. doi:10.1177/0022002700044002004. Retrieved on 2011-10-15.
- ↑ Joseph Bisong (April 1995). "Language choice and cultural imperialism: a Nigerian perspective". ELT Journal 49 (2): 122-32. Retrieved on 2011-10-14.
- ↑ Pat Johnson, Howard Giles & Richard Y. Bourhis (1983). "The viability of ethnolinguistic vitality: A reply". Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 4 (4): 255-69. doi:10.1080/01434632.1983.9994115. Retrieved on 2011-10-01.
- ↑ Claudia Claridge (2000). Multi-word Verbs in Early Modern English: A Corpus-based Study. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Rodopi B. V.. pp. 317. ISBN 90-420-0459-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=8kfvotMI5hYC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- ↑ Philip Gourevitch (September 1999). We Wish To Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families: Letters From Rwanda (1 ed.). New York: Picador. pp. 368. 0312243359.
Further reading [edit]
External links [edit]
- Google Books
- Google scholar Advanced Scholar Search
- JSTOR
- SAGE journals online
- Taylor & Francis Online
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