Psychological resilience

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Contents 1 Theory 2 Measurement 2.1 Free and open source measures 2.2 Copyrighted, no-cost 2.3 Proprietary, at-cost measure 3 Research 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

This learning resource is for introducing and explaining the concept of psychological resilience and for researchers to discuss investigations of resilience. The material here is in its early stages, so please contribute. It is also recommended that you consult the psychological resilience article on Wikipedia.

[edit] Theory

The notion of resilience derives from the physiological stress literature and the coping literature.

[edit] Measurement

There are a variety of options for measuring the resiliency of an individual, a family, a classroom, a school, community or organisation.

[edit] Free and open source measures

[edit] Copyrighted, no-cost

• 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; Connor & Davidson, 2003)
• 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)
• Resilience Scale (Wagnild & Young, 1993)

[edit] Proprietary, at-cost measure

• Resiliency Initiatives, has developed a resiliency assessment for three age groups:
  • 8 - 12 (written at the level of English comprehension skills of a North American Grade 3 student)
  • 13 - 18 (written at the level of English comprehension skills of a North American Grade 3 student)
  • 19 and up. (written at the level of English comprehension skills of a North American Grade 5 student).

[edit] Research

[edit] See also

• Coping (psychology)
• Post-traumatic growth
• Psychological therapy
• Psychological well-being

[edit] References

1. Affleck, G. & Tennen, H. (1996). Construing benefit from adversity: Adaptational significance and dispositional underpinnings. Journal of Personality, 64, 899-922.
2. Ahern, N. R., Kiehl, E. M., Sole, M. L., & Byers, J. (2006). A review of instruments measuring resilience. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 29, 103-125.
3. Campbell-Sills, L. & Stein, M. B. (2007). Psychometric analysis and refinement of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): Validation of a 10-item measure of resilience. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20, 1019-1028.
4. Connor, K. M. & Davison, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18, 76-82.
5. Earvolino-Ramirez, M. (2007). Resilience: A concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 42, 73-82.
6. Lukey, B. J., & Tepe, V. (2008). Biobehavioural resilience to stress. London: CRC Press.
7. Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71, 543-562.
8. Luthar, S. S., & Cushing, G. (1999). Measurement issues in the empirical study of resilience: An overview: An overview. In J. L. Johnson & M. D. Glantz (Eds.), Resilience and development: Positive life adaptations (pp. 510-549). New York: Cambridge University Press.
9. Ong, A. D., Bergeman, C. S., Wallace, K. A., & Bisconti, T. L. (2006). Psychological resilience, positive emotions, and successful adaptation to stress in later life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(4), 730-749.
10. O'Leary, V. E., & Ickvoics, J. R. (1995). Resilience and thriving in response to challenge: An opportunity for a paradigm shift in women's health. Women's Health: Research on Gender, Behavior, and Policy, 1, 121-142.
11. Park, C., Choen, L. H., & Murch, R. (1996). Assessment and prediction of stress related growth. Journal of Personality, 64, 71-105.
12. Tolan, P. T. (1996). How resilient is the concept of resilience? The Community Psychologist, 29, 12-15.
13. Tugade, M. M. & Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). Resilient individuals use positive emotions to bounce back from negative emotional experiences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 320-333.
14. Tusaie, K. & Dyer, J. (2004). Resilience: A historical review of the construct. Holistic Nursing Practice, 18(1), 3-8.
15. Vaishnavi, S., Connor, K., & Davidsona, J. R. T.(2007). An abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the CD-RISC2: Psychometric properties and applications in psychopharmacological trials. Psychiatry Research, 30, 152(2-3), 293–297.
16. Wald, J., Taylor, S., Asmundson, G., Jang, K. L., & Stapleton, J. (2006). Literature reviw of concepts: Psychological resiliency. (CR 2006-073). Toronto, Ontario: Defense Research and Development Canada.

[edit] External links

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