Linear regression

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The first step to understanding linear regression is to make sure you understand linear correlation.

Regression examines the relationship between two variables by determining the line of best fit (on a scatterplot). The properties of this line of best fit are determined as the slope (b) and where it touches the Y-axis (a).

Regression involves:

  • A predictor (X) variable, or an independent variable (IV), shown on the X-axis
  • An outcome (Y) variables, or a dependent variable (DV), shown on the Y-axis
Example of a line of best fit for a linear regression (i.e., one dependent and one independent variable).

The generic equation for a simple linear regression is:

Linear regression variables and co-efficients indicated on a scatterplot with line of best fit.
Linear regression scatterplot with line of best fit and generic linear regression formula.

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