EuroLex/E/Gel
< EuroLex
- Original language: English, from French gélatine, ultimately from Latin gelare 'to freeze' (cf. jelly from Old French gelée) *[1]
- Original form and meaning: gel, noun, 1.) 'a semi-solid colloidal solution or jelly of a solid dispersed in liquid', 2.) 'a jelly-like substance used for setting the hair'
(Note: If the status is not specifically indicated then the word is stylistically neutral and generally used; if earlier meaning and status equals current use the former may be expressed by writing "dito". Cf. also the project guidelines.)
| Language | Form | Date of Borrowing (and Obsolescence) | Current Meaning and Status | Earlier Meanings and Statusses | Source |
| Catalan | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Croatian | gel | ? | from French | DEA* | |
| Czech | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Danish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Dutch | gel [∫εl] | 1980s | meaning 1; status: fully accepted but still marked as English | dito | DEA* |
| English | gel [dƷεl] | 19c | see above | abbreviation of gelatin(e), from French gélatine, from Medieval Latin gelātina, from Latin gelāre 'to freeze' | Collins English Dictionary (4th ed.); DEA*; CODEE** |
| Estonian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Finnish | geeli | ? | meaning 1; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | dito | DEA* |
| French | gel | ? | meaning 1 and 2; status: native (gélatine) | DEA* | |
| Frisian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| German | Gel [ge:l] (in German-speaking Switzerland [ž(h)e:l]) | end20c | meaning 1 and 2; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | DEA* | |
| Hungarian | gel | via German | meaning 1 and 2 | DEA* | |
| Irish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Italian | gel [= English] | mid20c | meaning 1 and 2; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English | DEA* | |
| Latvian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Lithuanian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Maltese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Norwegian | gel [ge:l/gel] | 1980s | meaning 1 and 2; status: restricted to technical use, less frequent than gelé | DEA* | |
| Polish | ... | from French | '...' | '...' | DEA* |
| Portuguese | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Rumantsch | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovak | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Slovenian | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
| Spanish | gel [xel] | mid20c | meaning 1 and 2; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English/from French | DEA* | |
| Swedish | ... | ... | '...' | '...' | ... |
- Annotations: *DEA = Dictionary of European Anglicisms by Manfred Görlach (2001), Oxford: OUP.; **CODEE = The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology by T.F. Hoad (1986), Oxford: Clarendon.
- Information on Other Languages: Albanian: -gel, schel, 20c; meaning 1 and 2; status: fully accepted but still marked as English. Greek: tzel, zele, zel; 1980s; via French; meaning 1 and 2; status: fully accepted but still marked as English. Icelandic: gel [cε:l]; 1980s; meaning 2; status: fully accepted but still marked as English. Romanian: gel [= Engl. pron.]; mid20c; meaning 1 and 2; from French/Italian. Russian: gel; end20c; meaning 1 and 2; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English. Bulgarian: gel; mid 20c; via German; meaning 1 and 2; status: not (or no longer) recognized as English.,